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Feast of the Ascension |
Posted by: Stone - 05-13-2021, 07:55 AM - Forum: Easter
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INSTRUCTION ON THE FESTIVAL OF THE ASCENSION OF OUR LORD
Taken from Fr. Leonard Goffine's Sundays and Feast days Throughout the Ecclesiastical Year 1886
AT the Introit the Church sings the words which were spoken by the angels to the apostles and disciples, after the Ascension of our Lord: Ye men of Galilee, why wonder you, looking up to heaven? allel.: He shall so come as you have seen him going up into heaven. Allel., allel., allel. (Acts i. II.) Oh, clap your hands, all ye nations; shout unto God with the voice of joy. (Ps. xlvi. 2.) Glory be to the Father, &c.
PRAYER OF THE CHURCH. Grant, we beseech Thee, O Almighty God, that we who believe Thy only-begotten Son, our Redeemer, to have this day ascended into the heavens , may ourselves also in mind dwell amid heavenly things. Through the same.
LESSON. (Acts i. i — ii.) The former treatise I made, O Theophilus, of all things which Jesus began to do and to teach, until the day on which, giving commandments by the Holy Ghost to the apostles whom he had chosen, he was taken up: to whom also he showed himself alive after his passion, by many proofs, for forty days appearing to them, and speaking of the kingdom of God. And eating together with them, he commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but should wait for the prom- ise of the Father, which you have heard (saith he; by my mouth: for John indeed baptized with water, but you shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost, not many days hence. They, therefore, who were come together, asked him, saying: Lord, wilt thou at this time restore the kingdom to Israel? But he said to them: It is not for you to know the times or moments which the Father hath put in his own power; but you shall receive the power of the Holy Ghost coming upon you, and you shall be witnesses to me in Jerusalem and in all Judea, and Samaria, and even to the uttermost part of the earth. And when he had said these things, while they looked on, he was raised up: and a cloud received him out of their sight. And while they were beholding him going up to heaven, behold, two men stood by them in white garments, who also said: Ye men of Galilee, why stand you looking up to heaven? This Jesus who is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come, as you have seen him going into heaven.
Quote:EXPLANATION. This gospel of St. Luke addressed to Theophilus, a Christian of note in Antioch, contains an account of the life, sufferings, and death of Jesus up to the time of His ascension into heaven. The Evangelist continues his account in the Acts of the apostles, in which he describes in simple words that which Jesus did during the forty days following His Resurrection, and the manner in which He ascended into heaven in the presence of His apostles. Rejoice that Christ today has entered the glory gained by His sufferings and death, and pray: I rejoice, O King of heaven and earth, in the glory Thou hast this day attained in heaven. Sing to God, ye kingdoms of the earth: sing ye to the Lord: sing ye to God, who mounteth above the heaven of heavens to the east. Give ye glory to God for Israel, his magnificence and his power is in the clouds. God is wonderful in his saints, the God of Israel is he who will give power and strength to his people, blessed be God. (Ps .lxvii. 33—36.)
GOSPEL. (Mark. xvi. 14 — 20.) At that time, Jesus appeared to the eleven as they were at table: and he upbraided them with their incredulity and hardness of heart, because they did not believe them who had seen him after he was risen again. (And he said to them: Go ye into the whole world, and preach the gospel to every creature. He that believeth and is baptized shall be saved: but he that believeth not shall be condemned. And these signs shall follow them that believe. In my name they shall cast out devils: they shall speak with new tongues; they shall take up serpents: and if they shall drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them : they shall lay their hands upon the sick, and they shall recover.)* And the Lord Jesus, after he had spoken to them, was taken up into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God. But they going forth preached everywhere, the Lord working withal, and confirming the word with signs that followed.
Why did Christ say to His apostles: Go ye into the whole world and preach the gospel to all creatures?
To show that no one is to assume the office of preaching, but must look for his mission from the lawful pastors of the Church. And when Christ sends His apostles into the whole world, to all nations without exception, He shows His willingness to save all men. If the designs of God are not fullfilled, the blame is not to be attributed to God, but to man, who either does not accept the doctrine of the gospel, or accepting, does not live in accordance with it, or else renders himself by his obduracy in vice, unworthy of the gospel.
Is faith without good works sufficient for salvation?
No, faith that is not active in love, not fruitful in good works, and therefore not meritorious, {Gal. v. 6.)is not sufficient for salvation. "Such faith," says St. Anselm, "is not the faith of a Christian, but the faith of the devil." Only he who truly believes in Christ and His doctrine, and lives in accordance with it, will be saved.
Is ours then the true faith since all the faithful do not work miracles, as Christ has predicted?
St. Gregory very beautifully replies to this question: "Because the Redeemer said that true faith would be accompanied by miracles, you must not think that you have not the faith, because these signs do not follow; these miracles had to be wrought in the beginning of the Church, because faith in her had to be increased by these visible signs of divine power." And even now when such signs are necessary for the propagation of the faith, and victory over unbelief, God gives His faithful power to work them.
Are miracles wrought, now in the Catholic Church?
Yes, for there have been at all times saints in the Church, who, as seen from their lives, have wrought miracles, on account of their faith, which even the heretics cannot deny; for instance St. Francis Xavier, who in the sight of the heathens, raised several dead persons to life. In a spiritual manner all pious Catholics still work such miracles; for, as St. Chrysostom says, "they expel devils when they banish sin, which is worse than the devil; they speak new tongues when they converse no longer on vain and sinful things, but on those which are spiritual and heavenly." "They take up serpents," says St. Gregory, "when by zealous exhortations they lift others from the shame of vice, without being themselves poisoned; they drink deadly things without being hurt by them, when they hear improper conversation without being corrupted or led to evil; they lay their hands upon the sick and heal them, when they teach the ignorant, strengthen by their good example those who are wavering in virtue, keep the sinner from evil, and similar things." Strive to do this upon all occasions, O Christian, for God willingly gives you His grace and you will thus be of more use to yourself and others, and honor God more than by working the greatest miracles.
Where and how did Christ ascend into heaven?
From Mount Olivet where His sufferings began, by which we learn, that where our crosses and afflictions begin which we endure with patience and resignation, there begins our reward. Christ ascended into heaven by His own power, because He is God, and now in His glorified humanity He sits at the right hand of His Father, as our continual Mediator.
In whose presence did Christ ascend into heaven?
In the presence of His apostles, and many of His disciples, whom He had previously blessed, (Luke xxiv. 51.) and who, as St. Leo says, derived consoling joy from His ascension. Rejoice, also, O Christian soul, for Christ has today opened heaven for you, and you may enter it, if you believe in Christ, and live in accordance with that faith. St. Augustine says: "Let us ascend in spirit with Christ, that when His day comes, we may follow with our body. Yet you must know, beloved brethren, that not pride, nor avarice, nor impurity, nor any other vice ascends with Christ; for with the teacher of humility pride ascends not, nor with the author of goodness, malice, nor with the Son of the Virgin, impurity. Let us then ascend with Him by trampling upon our vices and evil inclinations, thus building a ladder by which we can ascend; for we make a ladder of our sins to heaven when we tread them down in combatting them."
ASPIRATION. O King of glory! O powerful Lord! who hast this day ascended victoriously, above all heaven, leave us not as poor orphans, but send us, from the Father, the Spirit of truth whom Thou hast promised. Alleluia.
Why is the paschal candle extinguished after the Gospel on this day?
To signify that Christ, of whom the candle is a figure, has gone from His disciples.
✠ ✠ ✠
INSTRUCTION ON MIRACLES
And these signs shall follow them that believe. (Mark xvi. 17.)
What is a miracle?
A miracle, as defined by St. Thomas of Aquinas, is anything beyond the ordinary, fixed state of things that is done through God. Thus when the sun stands still in his course, when thousands are fed with five loaves and two small fishes, when by a word or simple touch the dead are raised to life, the blind see, and the deaf hear, these are things contrary to nature, and are miracles which can only be performed by God or those persons to whom God has given the power.
That God can work miracles, cannot be denied. God has made the laws of nature, and at any time it pleases Him, He can suddenly suspend them, and that God has at times done so, we have more solid and undeniable proofs than we have for the most renowned and best authenticated facts of history, far •more witnesses testify to miracles, the whole world has believed them, and been converted by them; more than eleven millions of martyrs have died to confirm and maintain their truth; no one gives up his life for lies and deceptions; the Jews and pagans have admitted them, but ascribed them to witchcraft and the power of demons rather than to God; by this they proved and acknowledged the truth of miracles, because in order to deny them, they were driven to false and absurd explanations of them.
Can men work miracles?
No; only God works miracles through man to whom He gives the 'power. The history of the Christian Church in all ages bears testimony, that men have wrought miracles in the name of Jesus, as, for example, the apostles and the saints.
Can miracles be worked by the relics of saints, pictures, &c?
The Church, in the Council of Trent, solemnly declares, that we are never to believe that there is in any picture or relic any hidden power by which a miracle can be worked, and that we are not to honor or ask any such thing of them. Therefore no miracle can ever be worked by them, but God can perform miracles through them, and He has done so, as the holy Scriptures and the history of the Church of Christ both prove. But when through certain pictures (usually called miraculous pictures) miracles do take place, that no deception may occur, the Church commands that such a picture shall not be exposed for the veneration of the faithful, until the truth of the miracles performed is by a rigorous examination established beyond doubt; she then causes such pictures to be respectfully preserved as monuments of the goodness and omnipotence of God.
Why are there not so many miracles in our times as there were in the first days of the Church?
Because the Church is no longer in need of such extraordinary testimony to the truth of her teachings. Thus St. Augustine writes: "He who in the face of the conversion of the world to Christianity demands miracles, and strives to doubt those which have been wrought in favor of this most wonderful change, is himself an astonishing miracle of irrationality and stupidity;" and St. Chrysostom says: "The question is sometimes asked: How happens it there are not so many miracles now-a-days? The answer is, because the knowledge of Christ is propagated all over the earth, and the Church is like a tree which, having once taken deep root and grown to a certain height, no longer needs to be carefully watered and supported."
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SiSiNoNo: Vatican Council II: The Great New Approach - September 1998 |
Posted by: Stone - 05-12-2021, 08:58 AM - Forum: Vatican II and the Fruits of Modernism
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SiSiNoNo - September 1998 No. 28
Vatican Council II: The Great New Approach
A KIND OF MUTINY
It has been common knowledge for a long time that Pius XII (who died on Oct. 9, 1958) had already considered the possibility of summoning an ecumenical council. He was succeeded by John XXIII who, at the time, was regarded as a transitional pope (transitional from what to what?). Hardly three months after being elected, he announced his intention of convoking a council. The Curia and the Preparatory Commissions began their preparation and, after 18 months' work, presented 73 "schemas" which were either rejected or profoundly modified by the Council itself. The magazine La Croix, in a special issue in December, 1975, carried an interview with the Dominican Fr. Yves Congar (who was subsequently made a cardinal and was one of the Council's "experts"). In this article, Fr. Congar openly ridiculed these "schemas":
Quote:"Seventy-three of them! Many of them reflected the theology of Pius XII and re-affirmed counter-reformation doctrine…"
It could not be clearer: those who pulled the strings of the Council did not want to hear any talk either of "Catholic theology" (for there is no such thing as a personal theology of Pius XII) or of the council of Trent.
It was at that point that Pope John XXIII played a part which reminds one of the Sorcerer's Apprentice. The fact is that he was suddenly overtaken by events, giving the impression that he was no longer capable of governing. According to the reports of Fr. Congar (and others), the Pope "had something simple in mind, a kind of kerygmatic[1] theology of the Faith, with a very detailed adaptation of Canon Law." In the event, this Council, which Pope John XXIII intended to last for two months and be completed by Christmas, continued for four years.
The Council had hardly begun, Fr. Congar tells us in the same interview, when "the bishops became more confident and very quickly, from October 1962, a certain number of bishops had simply decided to reject the doctrinal schemas which had already been prepared."
Carried along by this tidal wave, it is reported that Pope John XXIII said to several cardinals (from whom Fr. Congar got his information): "They didn't understand me." If this is so, it implies that he never regained control of the situation. Archbishop Lefebvre, in one of his first addresses on this subject (1969), referring to events which in many ways resembled a mutiny, said:
Quote:The whole drama of this situation is this...and I am not the only one to think so: from the very first days, the Council was under siege by the forces of progressivism….We were convinced that something abnormal was happening in the Council. It was scandalous how people were trying to turn the Council from its purpose by attacking the Roman Curia and, thereby, Rome herself and the successor of Peter.
THE "SPIRIT OF THE COUNCIL"
All the preceding councils, with the exception of the 4th (Chalcedon) and the 13th (Lyons), exhibit a rigorous pattern; the true doctrine is set forth and the opposite errors are condemned. This is carried out in a logical sequence which means that these two parts are inseparable: the second flows necessarily and logically from the first. By contrast, the acts of Vatican II are in the form of a series of addresses followed by recommendations, exhortations and vague suggestions, which are thus capable of being turned and applied in the particular sense desired by the Council's manipulators.
To understand Vatican II, one must bear in mind that the particular approach adopted in each area discussed in its documents follows, in its turn, from a certain general approach which could be called the "Spirit of the Council"...astray and evasive like the spirit of modernity, twisting and slippery as an eel. Accordingly, if one manages to catch a thread, one must follow it and not let it go. Such a thread might be, for instance, the special supplement of La Croix of Dec. 1975, ten years after the Council, dedicated specifically to the "great new approach" of the Council. What we have here is a very interesting analysis of the conciliar documents, followed by an even more interesting interview with Fr. Congar who, in the meantime, had been raised to the dignity of the Cardinalate...which gives his words the weight and value of approval on the part of the Curia and the Sovereign Pontiff.
THE "MOST FUNDAMENTAL" TEXT
Fr. Congar, while he has no great opinion of the Declaration on Religious Liberty (Dignitatis Humanae) which he regards as a banal document with no other merit than having "contradicted the Syllabus," exalts the merits of the Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation (Dei Verbum) and regrets that this text did not have a greater impact.
We too admit that this document is of great importance but for reasons very different from those of Fr. Congar.
Passing over his laudatory commentaries on things he approves of, we shall concentrate on his statement that this constitution had "a considerable influence":
Quote:Although it is one of the shortest texts of the Council, this constitution is perhaps the most fundamental. By making Scripture the basis of preaching and theology, it has indicated the direction to be taken by all the other texts of the Council. It has presided over the liturgical reform by allowing Christians to have access to a wider choice of scriptural passages, both in the Mass and in the other sacraments. By refusing to ratify the theory of the two sources of revelation (Scripture and Tradition), it permitted a rapprochement with Protestants [who evidently admit only scripture, not tradition - Ed.] and had a considerable ecumenical influence. Fr. Congar was able to say that this constitution had put an end to the Counter-Reformation (i.e., the Council of Trent).
ALIGNMENT WITH LUTHERANISM
In other words, this conciliar constitution, which claims to be "dogmatic" and which has set the direction for all the other conciliar texts, which has presided over the liturgical reform, which has had a considerable ecumenical influence, intends to impose - as a dogma - the liquidation of the Tridentine Counter-Reformation. Thus it prescribes alignment with the Protestant Reformation, which the Council of Trent was (we must suppose) mistaken in opposing!
The new "pastoral" approach which the Council wanted to impose dogmatically (Dei Verbum is a "dogmatic constitution") is an invitation to ignore the Council of Trent, to act as if it no longer exists, as if it no longer has any validity. This is the return to the Protestant principle of "sola Scriptura" - Scripture alone is the source of revelation -which explains (and here Fr. Congar is right) the ecumenical strategy of the Council and the total reform of the liturgy, not only of the ritual but of the entire temporal cycle. This explains the pre-eminent place given to the "Liturgy of the Word" and to biblical texts (sola Scriptura), going hand-in-hand with the disappearance of the systematic teaching of religion according to a true Catechism (which is the Catechism of the Council of Trent, which formed the basis of the diocesan catechisms until 30 years ago). This explains the return to the Memorial of the Last Supper, which does not need a true altar but only a simple table, and the de-natured function of the priest, who no longer sacrifices but has become the president of the assembly.
An historic moment: January 25, 1959, in the Basilica of St. Paul-Outside-the-Walls, Pope John XXIII announces that the Second Vatican Council will take place.
THE ECUMENICAL APPROACH
We are very well aware that the liturgical reform has been following scarcely camouflaged ecumenical objectives. The reformers, working together with well-known Protestants, played on the ambivalence of the new rite and, by means of this subterfuge, toyed with the idea that the reformed missal could be used by both Catholics and Protestants, together or separately.
This is intellectual dishonesty, which has created and maintained ambiguity in the hope of attracting Protestants. There is something in this which recalls Pascal's famous "wager," in the sense that the Catholic invites the non-Catholic to have some experience of Catholic religious practice, by substituting habit for faith. This is why, by the way, certain philosophers consider Pascal a modernist before his time. The "experience" of Catholicism as a source of Faith is very close to modernist immanentism, if not identical with it.
It is permissible to see similarities between Pascal's "wager" and what is called "communio in sacris," which the Council's Decree on Ecumenism, far from excluding, considers positively as something to be "sometimes desirable" as a way of re-establishing Christian unity, a method to be used with " discernment," prudently, according to the judgment of episcopal authority such precautions are more in the nature of a pious hope.
"Communio in sacris" means participation by non-Catholics in the sacred action, i. e., the liturgy, not only in prayer. There is more than a simple analogy between this practice, which is growing more and more, and Pascal's "wager." The latter invites the non-believer, whom he would like to lead to the Faith by means of religious practice, to "wager" on the existence or non-existence of God and then, on the basis of belief in God's existence, to draw the practical consequences for his life. After this, Pascal indicates what he believes to be the "system" already followed by others:
Quote:Begin where they have begun, that is, by doing everything as if they were already believers, taking holy water, having Masses said, etc…. Naturally, that will bring you to believe and help you to become accustomed (Pensées, No.233).
The justified objection to this method is that it has substituted external gestures for the internal act of faith and has given the non-believer license to perform sacred acts in virtue of "experience," whereas these acts are reserved by the Church to those who have the Faith and the necessary purity of heart. Thus it has authorized the non-believer to perform sacrilegious and gravely culpable acts). Applied to Ecumenism, this process consists, neither more nor less, in inviting Protestants and Orthodox to "act as if they were Catholics," in Pascal's terms and to join in (communicatio) the Church's liturgy (in sacris) after having accommodated it in order to make it easier for them to take this step. In other words, the liturgical reformers have lowered the threshold of orthodoxy so that the invited guests should not stumble at the first step.
The practical result, which is growing more and more evident, is that there are no conversions, while among Catholics, the view is more and more widespread that all the Christian denominations and all the religions are of equal value. Thus, what people believe they can gain in the name of a misconceived charity, is lost at the level of Faith. Is this a coincidence? The effect is contained potentially in the cause, and the cause can be correctly identified in what La Croix called "the Council's great new approach."
THE " ANTHROPOLOGICAL " APPROACH
A second current which has determined the reflections and acts of the Council Fathers is the so-called Theological Anthropology or Anthropological Theology, which has transformed theology into sociology. The most authoritative witness to this approach is Pope Paul VI himself. On December 7, 1965, addressing the Council in its final session, he said:
Quote:Secular humanism has finally appeared in its terrible dimensions and, in a certain sense, has defied the Council. The religion of God Who becomes Man has confronted the religion of Man who becomes God! What was the result? A shock, a struggle, an anathema? It would have been possible but it did not happen….It is the discovery of human needs...that has absorbed the attention of our Synod... Has all this, and everything we could say about the human value of the Council, perhaps deflected the spirit of the Church in the Council towards the anthropocentric thrust of modem culture? Not deflected, but given it an orientation. No one observing this predominant interest on the part of the Council, in human and temporal values, can deny that this interest is due to the pastoral character which the Council has chosen as its program. Such an observer would have to recognize that this same interest has never been separated from the most authentic religious interest, either by the charity which is its sole inspiration, or by the close link, constantly affirmed and promoted by the Council, between human and temporal values and those properly called spiritual, religious and eternal: we yield to man, to the earth, but we raise them up to the Kingdom of God (Homily, Dec. 7, 1965, Osservatore Romano, Dec. 8, 1965).
This is a confession of considerable weight: the Church has turned towards man.
Are we to understand that the Church has turned towards man by turning its back on God? Pope Paul VI says no; the hierarchy will certainly say no. But when, 30 years after the end of the Council, we see that the bishops and their clergy have become sociologists and, in fact, no longer teach religion, one can and must wonder if, after all the discussions and statements, this is not the reality of the situation: the Church, in the person of her ministers, has turned towards man by turning away from God.
The "Christian" philanthropy has infiltrated everywhere. It is even found in the Decree on Ecumenism, in the second chapter which deals with the practice of Ecumenism. Here we find a section devoted to "collaboration with our separated brethren," who are invited to join in the crusade "against the afflictions of our times, such as famine and natural disasters, illiteracy and poverty, lack of housing and the unequal distribution of wealth," all objectives within the competence of states and public authorities and not of the Church.
So there is no surprise when we see the Pope calling the heads of the principal world religions together at Assisi to promote peace by common prayer. Projects of this kind are perfectly in line with the approach set forth by the Council.
THE "SPIRIT OF INDEPENDENCE"
A third factor, which is more a mentality than a deliberate approach but which played its part at the Council and goes a long way towards explaining what happened "after the Council," is the spirit of independence - which is at the root of Protestantism.
The first manifestation of the spirit of rebellion was the mutiny of an important segment of the episcopate at the start of the Council. Immediately thereafter the modernists took charge of the direction the Council was to take. Thanks to this initial revolt against authority, the bishops became infatuated with independence and "freedom." It was at this time that one impertinent individual, having said that after Vatican I, the Church had had some great Popes, like Leo XIII, Pius X, Pius XI and Pius XII, dared to add that, with the passage of time, the Roman Curia had become a perfectly effective...omnipotent...instrument of government and study...in other words, it had become tyrannical.
During the Council, Pope Paul VI seemed to share this blind opposition to supreme power. In the interview already mentioned, Fr. Congar gives this testimony:
Quote:When he (Pope Paul VI) intervened, he did so with great discretion. As he said several times, he would have preferred not to intervene at all but to leave the Council free. But several times, he reminded us that he was at least one of the Council fathers. There is something unsatisfactory about the way the pope, with his primacy, is related to the Council, of which the pope is a member. We lack a good theological and practical relationship between these two realities (and yet there has been an excellent relationship between them for 2,000 years. One only has to remember that the pope is not a member of the Council but its head, and that he is indispensable to the Council's validity.) Pope Paul VI intervened discreetly in some Commissions; he sent "modi" (modifications) to the Theological Commission several times, but left it free whether to adopt them or not. Sometimes the Commission rejected these "modi": He also intervened to have 19 "modi" inserted into the Decree on Ecumenism, which provoked a stir because the text had already been voted on by the whole Council. Of these 19 "modi, " only three or four were really concerned with the text. Pope Paul VI had no idea that his intervention would give rise to such a storm of protest. Finally, he did not want to have to repeat his action and asked that the texts should be given to him in good time, so that he could make his observations on them.
Here we must recall the episode of the Nota Praevia (Preliminary Explanatory Note) which was imposed by Pope Paul VI to make it clear in the traditional sense the term "collegiality" was to be understood. The very existence of this Nota Praevia (see below), quite independently of what it contains, is one proof among many of the lack of intellectual rigor on the part of the Council's artisans. The most worrying thing, however, is the incoherent position of the Pope vis-a-vis the Council, as underlined by Fr. Congar. This is the attitude of a Head who has no awareness of his authority and who dares not intervene. At all events, he does not intervene very much, nor does he do so in a precise manner. We find an incoherent theological attitude here. On the one hand, from time to time, he is obliged to remind the fathers that he has the primacy, while on the other hand it seems that, with his "discreet" interventions, he is trying to win acceptance as one Council father among others (which he is not).
Is not this attitude an implicit avowal of that "conciliarism" - an ancient heresy going back to the 12th century - which affirmed that the Council is superior to the pope and which was condemned by Vatican I? Pope Paul VI has thus given the impression that he would be content with a simple primacy of honor: “primus inter pares." This is precisely what the Orthodox schism claims. In any case, this strange Council leaves us with the question: was Pope Paul VI in charge of it, or was it in charge of him?
THE MODERNIST TYRANNY
The sequel is in line with this desire for emancipation on the part of the bishops. They demand that the Roman Curia be "internationalized": it is granted. They demand the reform of the Curia and of Church government: the reform was initiated on August 15, 1967, with the constitution Regimini Ecclesiae Universae, which satisfies those who were complaining of the "tyranny" of Rome. The Holy Office, whose essential task was to guard the integrity of the doctrine of Faith - which was why it was feared by the modernists - is liquidated to make room for a kind of Theologians' Academy without any coercive powers. The case of Hans Küng amply demonstrated this. The Consistory, a disciplinary congregation (a kind of council of the Episcopal Order), was also liquidated and replaced by a Congregation for Bishops without coercive powers. Moreover, all the congregations lose their autonomy and are now dependent on the Secretariat of State, which thus becomes the central organ of Church government, whereas the pope is reduced to a figurehead, like the sovereign of a modern state where the king reigns but does not govern. From 1967 on, a reign of inverse tyranny begins in the Church. The tyranny of the modernists, who have taken over all controls.
One beneficial effect of the new constitution Pastor Bonus of June 28, 1988, has been to restore to the Roman congregations a part of the autonomy which had been removed from them by the constitution Regimini Ecclesiae Universae, but that does not mean that the Church is safe. The evil has been done and the damage has not been repaired. Thirty years after Vatican II, the Church is 90% Protestant.
ATTEMPTS TO PROTESTANTIZE THE CHURCH
Once the boundaries were thrown down and the Roman guardianship shaken, the bishops, in their turn, saw their diocesan clergy adopting the same attitude towards them. Then the faithful did the same towards their parish clergy, thanks to the bad example set by those above them. We must even say that it was the clergy themselves who pushed the faithful to act in this way.
Thinking that they were doing well to adulate the laity, who were now invited to become “adult Christians,” bishops and clergy sowed the wind and reaped the whirlwind. In turn, the faithful made themselves independent. Who cannot see the enormous difference between “adult Christians” and Christian adults? In the wake of the Council, Christians who foolishly had been taught that henceforth they were “adults” grasped that this implied that they were to reject all tutelage, doctrinal and disciplinary, on the part of their pastors. That is how the mentality of the Protestant “freedom of conscience” has been insinuated into people’s minds, without the need -as Luther did long ago, at Wittenberg - to nail a series of theses to the Church doors, declaring the break with Rome. Luther's Protestantism was doctrinal; that of the modernists, for 30 years, has been practical. It is a Protestantism of deeds, it is concrete, but the result is the same. Why should we be surprised at the attempts to rehabilitate Luther? And what is the purpose of this rehabilitation? Perhaps to facilitate the return of Lutherans to the Catholic Church? ...Let's be serious for once!
And why should we be amazed at the demands made in the petition circulated last year in Germany by the group calling itself "We are Church”? The one thing follows directly from the other!
Insofar as these faithful - though it must be questioned whether they belong to the Church - regard themselves as liberated from hierarchical tutelage, and insofar as their thinking is unconsciously influenced by the democratic principles of modern society, they are only imitating the kind of false demands made by trade-unions in the economic and social sphere. To show them that they are in error, one would have to go right up to the top of the ladder of ideas and there one would arrive at the testimony of Fr. Congar:
Quote:One day John XXIII said that he wanted to open wide the Church's doors and windows: de facto the power of speech had been given to the Church, whereas under Pius XII, people were restricted to repeating the Pope's words.
In the world of ideas, there are some things as dangerous as grenades; when they are man-handled, they explode and the damage sometimes far exceeds all prediction.
BUT IT’S YESTERDAY’S POPES WHO ARE TO BLAME
Would the hierarchy have the courage, 30 years after Vatican II, to draw up the balance-sheet? Will it still say that, as some people have said, one has to distinguish between the Council and what came after it?
On this matter, Fr. Congar gave an astonishing answer to the readers of La Croix in 1976: those responsible for the post-conciliar confusion, he suggested, were Gregory XVI, Pius IX, Pius X and Pius XII, whose qualities as a very great pope he is quick to acknowledge, only to go on to attack him in what follows:
Quote:Many people have failed to take account of the radical change brought about by Vatican II. The Church of the period of Pius XII, who was a very great pope with extraordinary prestige and influence, was submissive in a way that the youngest people of today have not the least idea. Rome then exercised an extremely effective and rigorous control in all areas, based in part on a theology - Roman Scholasticism - but also on a canonical, ethical and cultural systems…The whole drama of the post-conciliar period is due to the fact that things that had been blocked and kept at bay for too long by a Church which kept its doors and windows closed, are now violently - and somewhat blindly - forcing their way in. A kind of vast thaw seems to be carrying everything away with it.
To put it more precisely, the 18th and 19th centuries produced some noble values and achievements: confidence in human effort, in science, in progress, in the desire for freedom and the democratic awareness, in equality and social justice, in historical criticism…including that applied to the Bible. All this came about in a climate in which Man was exalted, and clearly the Church could not approve of this. Some people, it is true, began to distinguish between what was true and what was unacceptable, but in general, and particularly on the part of popes like Gregory XVI, Pius IX and, to some extent, Pius X, the Church's attitude was one of rejection - it was the mentality of a city under siege. Today doors and windows are open. It is impossible to rehabilitate two centuries of history within the space of 20 or 30 years. What we must do is acknowledge and accept things that have been forgotten for too long, while keeping in touch with the Faith. And here the Council gives us good guidance. It is not the Council which is the cause of the crisis but rather the fact that people ignore the crisis or fail to respond to it.
Clearly, then, the distant origin of the post-conciliar disorder and confusion must be sought in the narrow mentality of the popes of the 19th and 20th centuries, including Pius XII.
However, when one takes the trouble to analyze the "great new approach" of the Council, and when one has understood that this fundamental approach of rejecting Tradition, the substitution of sociology for theology, and all-round emancipation explains both the Council and what came after the Council, one has also grasped the intellectual continuity between them and the common cause they share.
CONCLUSIONS
It will be remembered that Fr. Congar was influential at the Council as a theologian, as one of its "experts." This is widely known. He himself was not slow to mention the fact and the journalists who interviewed him were happy to underline it, in order to give importance and authority to his utterances. What he said on the approach adopted by the Council, which is presented as a huge enterprise with a pastoral aim, and that had broken with the Counter-Reformation, cannot be neglected. The fact is that his observations on the achievement of Vatican II have not been rectified by the French episcopate nor by Rome. Not only has Fr. Congar not been disavowed, he was conferred with the cardinalitial dignity. This has given to his views, declarations, writings and publications, the highest guarantee he could have hoped for. Elevating him to the cardinalate, Pope John Paul II and the cardinals of the Curia have ratified Congar's views and commentaries on the Council's whole approach, giving them an official certificate of authority. From the simple religious he was in 1960, Cardinal Congar has thus become the Council's authorized interpreter, in the name of the hierarchy.
Having taken note of this, it will be easy to draw the following consequences - indeed, they are dazzlingly self-evident:
1. In pursuing a "pastoral" aim which breaks with the Counter-Reformation, the artisans of Vatican II have first of all put themselves out of range of the assistance of the Holy Ghost. It follows from this that Vatican II is merely a human work, a work of Churchmen. Its declarations must, therefore, be evaluated by reference to traditional doctrine.
2. Everything in the Council texts (constitutions, decrees, declarations) which calls for the faith and assent of the faithful would not be there had there not been 20 previous, authentic, infallible and irreformable councils. In other words, the Faith and adherence of the faithful has for its object, beyond Vatican II, all the doctrine formulated previously and which is found scattered here and there, in fragmentary allusions, in the Council texts. This means that the Council, as a point of reference, is not only incomplete and therefore superfluous, but it is furthermore harmful insofar as it is contaminated by the modernist vein, which is a spiritual poison.
Here it is appropriate to recall that the dogmatic constitution Dei Verbum, which deals with Divine Revelation and replaced the original schema entitled De Fontibus Revelationis, is considered to be the most important document since it gave the direction for the other conciliar texts. It directed the liturgical reform and, by refusing to ratify the theory of the two sources of revelation (Scripture and Tradition), it permitted - as they claim - a rapprochement with Protestants and exercised a considerable ecumenical influence…This is the constitution which, according to Fr. Congar, has put an end to the Counter- Reformation.
3. In spite of appearances, therefore, Vatican II is a pseudo-council. From a totally different point of view, one could say that it was useful in the life and health of the Church in the way that, in the field of medicine, an abscess can be regarded as useful since it concentrates and localizes the organism's infection. Sooner or later, the "conciliar" men, identified with the modernists, will be eliminated from the Church.
No true progress, no ecclesial development, can be accomplished outside of Tradition, let alone where it is rejected. Yet that is what the artisans of Vatican II wanted and that is what they did. In this matter, Cardinal Congar has given us a formal, irrefutable testimony.
(Translated by Graham Harrison from Courrier de Rome, May 1998, for the Society of Saint Pius X's quarterly review in Ireland, St.John's Bulletin.)
1. Kerygma (Gr. keryssein, to proclaim): The heralding or announcing of the king's coming. In the primitive Church it meant the proclamation of the Gospel as the good news of salvation. Today this term refers to the emphasis to be given to preaching, catechesis and theology, as a proclamation of God's word among men, centered in Christ. (Definition given in The Maryknoll Catholic Dictionary, 1965.)
NOTA PREVIA
(PRELIMINARY EXPLANATORY NOTE0
IMPOSED BY POPE PAUL VI
ANNOUNCEMENT MADE BY THE SECRETARY GENERAL OF THE COUNCIL AT THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-THIRD GENERAL CONGREGATION, NOV. 16, 1964
A query has been made as to what is the theological qualification to be attached to the teaching put forward in the schema The Church, on which a vote is to be taken.
The doctrinal commission has replied to this query in appraising the modi proposed to the third chapter of the schema The Church:
Quote:As is self-evident, the conciliar text is to be interpreted in accordance with the general rules which are known to all.
On this occasion, the doctrinal commission referred to its Declaration of Mar. 6, 1964, which we reproduce here:
Quote:Taking into account conciliar practice and the pastoral purpose of the present council, the sacred synod defined as binding on the Church only those matters of faith and morals which it has expressly put forward as such.
Whatever else it proposes as the teaching of the supreme magisterium of the Church is to be acknowledged and accepted by each and every member of the faithful according to the mind of the Council, which is clear from the subject matter and its formulation following the norms of the theological interpretation.
The following explanatory note prefixed to the modi of chapter three of the schema The Church is given to the Fathers, and it is according to the mind and sense of the note that the teaching contained in chapter three is to be explained and understood.
PRELIMINARY EXPLANATORY NOTE
The commission has decided to preface its assessment of the modi with the following general observations.
1. The word College is not taken in the strictly juridical sense, that is, as a group of equals who transfer their powers to their chairman, but as a permanent body whose form and authority is to be ascertained from revelation. For this reason it is explicitly said about the twelve apostles in the reply to modus 12 that Our Lord constituted them “as a college or permanent group” (cf. modus 53,c). In the same way the words “Order” or “Body” are used at other times for the college of bishops. The parallel between Peter and the apostles on the one hand, and the Pope and the bishops on the other, does not imply the transmission of the extraordinary power of the apostles to their successors, nor obviously does it imply equality between the head and members of the college, but only a proportion between the two relationships: Peter – apostles and popes – bishops. And therefore the commission decided to write in Art 2 not “in the same manner” (eadem ratione) but “in like manner” (pari ratione).
2. A man becomes a member of the college through episcopal consecration and hierarchical communion with the head of the college and its members (cf. art.22. end of §1).
It is the unmistakable teaching of tradition, including liturgical tradition, that an ontological share in the sacred functions is given by consecration. The word function is deliberately used in preference to powers which can have a sense of powers ordered to action. A canonical or juridical determination through hierarchical authority is required for such power ordered to action. A determination of this kind can come about through appointment to a particular office or the assignment of subjects, and is conferred according to norms approved by the supreme authority. The need for a further norm follows from the nature of the case, because it is a question of functions to be discharged by more than one subject who work together in the hierarchy of functions intended by Christ. “Communion” of this kind was in fact a feature abiding in the varying circumstances of the life of the Church through the ages, before it was endorsed and codified by law.
For this reason it is expressly stated that hierarchical communion with the head and members is required. The idea of communion was highly valued in the early Church, and indeed it is today, especially in the East. It is not to be understood as some vague sort of goodwill, but as something organic which calls for a juridical structure as well as being enkindled by charity. The commission, therefore, agreed, almost unanimously, on the wording “in hierarchical communion” (cf. modus 40 and the statements about canonical mission in art.24).
The documents of recent popes dealing with episcopal jurisdiction are to be interpreted as referring to this necessary determination of powers.
3. There is no such thing as the college without its head: it is “The subject of supreme and entire power over the whole Church.” This much must be acknowledge lest the fullness of the pope’s power be jeopardized. The idea of college necessarily and at all times involves a head and in the college the head preserves intact his function as Vicar of Christ and pastor of the universal Church. In other words, it is not a distinction between the Roman Pontiff and the bishops taken together, but the Roman Pontiff by himself and the Roman Pontiff along with the bishops. The pope alone, in fact, being head of the college, is qualified to perform certain actions in which the bishops have no competence whatsoever, for example, the convocation and direction of the college, approval of the norms of its activity, and so (cf. Modus 18). It is for the pope, to whom the care of the whole flock of Christ has been entrusted, to decide the best manner of implementing this care, either personal or collegiate, in order to meet the changing needs of the Church in the course of time. The Roam Pontiff undertakes the regulation, encouragement, and approval of the exercise of collegiality as he sees fit.
4. The pope, as supreme pastor of the Church, may exercise his power at any time, as he sees fit, by reason of the demands of his office. But as the Church’s tradition attests, the college, although it is always in existence, is not for that reason continually engaged in strictly collegiate activity. In other words, it is not always “in full activity” (in acta pleno); in fact it is only occasionally that it engages in strictly collegiate activity and that only with the consent of the head (nonnisi consentiente capite). The phrase “with the consent of the head” is used in order to exclude the impression of dependence on something external; but the word “consent” entails communion between head and members and calls for this action which is exclusive to the head. The point is expressly stated in art. 22, §2 and it is explained at the end of the same article. The negative formulation “only with” (nonnisi) covers all cases: consequently it is evident that the norms approved by the supreme authority must always be observed (cf. modus 84).
Clearly it is the connection of bishops with their head that is in question throughout and not the activity of bishops independently of the pope. In a case like that, in default of the pope’s action, the bishops cannot act as a college, for this is obvious from the idea of “college” itself. This hierarchical communion of all bishops with the pope is unmistakably hallowed by tradition.
N.B.: - The ontologico–sacramental function, which must be distinguished from the juridico–canonical aspect, cannot be discharged without hierarchical communion. It was decided in the commission not to enter into questions of liceity and validity, which are to be left to theologians, particularly in regards to the power exercised de facto among separated Eastern Christians, about which there are divergent opinions. [Austin Flannery, O.P., Vatican Council II: The Conciliar and Post-Conciliar Documents, Vol. 1.]
[Emphasis mine.]
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SiSiNoNo: The Worship of Idols - July 1997 |
Posted by: Stone - 05-12-2021, 07:15 AM - Forum: Vatican II and the Fruits of Modernism
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SiSiNoNo - July 1997 No. 22
The Worship of Idols
During his recent pastoral visit to France, John Paul II said “We have no other intention than to serve mankind in a spirit of universal brotherhood.” This statement, which repeats a concept expressed so often by the present pope, perfectly summarizes the spirit that has animated the Catholic Church since Vatican Council II: “to serve mankind.”
But shouldn’t the Catholic Church founded by our Lord, serve God first? And “to serve God” does not mean “to serve mankind.” Is man to be served instead of God? By never speaking of the service that it must render to God, but only of what it wants to render to man, the Conciliar Church has put man in the place of God, rendering to him divine honor.
The only “service” the Church can render to man is to convert him to the true Faith – or rather to Christ – for the salvation of his soul. But of this service, however, it is no longer spoken. The clergy have allowed themselves to be seduced by a completely erroneous idea of man, since they no longer concern themselves about his conversation and the salvation of his soul. In fact, they no longer know how to recognize sinners; from considering their simple “differences,” they come to accept them in their “diversity”. Dialogue with the erring, in order to lead them to repentance and conversion, has become dialogue with error. It is simply prohibited to speak of Original Sin and its consequences.
This concept of a lay “universal brotherhood” – which is but a myth derived from the French Revolution and a rancid substitute for Christian charity – is the wide and broad way in which the present hierarchy is so concerned to follow, anxious as they are to earn the world’s applause. But they should not preoccupy themselves with the world, but rather with the Words of Christ, Who has commanded them to convert the world:
Quote:Going therefore, teach ye all nations; baptizing them in the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you…(Mt. 28:19-20).
The Church of today doesn’t want to remember this teaching any longer, which expresses its very reason for being. If it were remembered, the worship of man would no longer be practiced. The Church would no longer bow before mankind, whom it has the duty to convert, in order to draw him from sin to eternal life.
But these clergy do not repent, do not mend their ways, do not change. God is punishing them for this, permitting a secular humanism to run rampant inside the Church. It is this secular humanism which corrupts vocations and the Faith, and which demands, with growing arrogance, the final dissolution of the Holy Catholic Church through the marriage of priests, the institution of woman priests, and the annihilation of what still remains under the authority of the Supreme Pontiff.
This cult of man and of woman, professed with enthusiasm by the priest hierarchy, is the worship of idols, of Isis and of Osiris.[1] And what happened to those who forgot the one and true God – to Whom they owed everything – in order to worship idols?
Quote:Did you offer victims and sacrifices to me for forty years in the desert, O house of Israel? And you took unto you the tabernacle of Moloch, and the star of your god Rempham, figures which you made to adore them. And I will carry you away beyond Babylon (Acts, 7:42-43).
But in this hierarchy’s Church, in this desert of Faith, does anyone remember this any longer?
- Aegidius
1. Osiris, an Egyptian god, ruler of the underworld, and his nature-goddess wife, Isis. Their cult gradually extended from Egypt throughout the Roman Empire to become one of the chief religions. The worship of Osiris and Isis resisted the rise of Christianity and lasted until the sixth century AD.
[Emphasis - mine.]
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Chinese Military Discussed Weaponizing COVID In 2015 'To Cause Enemy's Medical System To Collapse' |
Posted by: Stone - 05-12-2021, 06:47 AM - Forum: Pandemic 2020 [Secular]
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Chinese Military Discussed Weaponizing COVID In 2015 'To Cause Enemy's Medical System To Collapse'
Zero Hedge [adapted] | May MAY 09, 2021
In 2015, Chinese military scientists discussed how to weaponze SARS coronaviruses, five years before the COVID-19 pandemic emerged in Wuhan, China - where CCP scientists were collaborating with a US-funded NGO on so-called 'gain of function' research to make bat coronaviruses infect humans more easily.
In a 263-page document, written by People's Liberation Army scientists and senior Chinese public health officials and obtained by the US State Department during its investigation into the origins of COVID-19, PLA scientists note how a sudden surge of patients requiring hospitalization during a bioweapon attack "could cause the enemy’s medical system to collapse," according to The Weekend Australian (a subsidiary of News Corp).
It suggests that SARS coronaviruses could herald a "new era of genetic weapons," and noted that they can be "artificially manipulated into an emerging human disease virus, then weaponized and unleashed in a way never seen before."
Quote:The chairmen of the British and Australian foreign affairs and intelligence committees, Tom Tugendhat and James Paterson, say the document raises major concerns about China’s lack of transparency over the origins of COVID-19.
The Chinese-language paper, titled The Unnatural Origin of SARS and New Species of Man-Made Viruses as Genetic Bioweapons, outlines China’s progress in the research field of biowarfare.
“Following developments in other scientific fields, there have been major advances in the delivery of biological agents,” it states.
“For example, the new-found ability to freeze-dry micro-organisms has made it possible to store biological agents and aerosolise them during attacks.”
Ten of the authors are scientists and weapons experts affiliated with the Air Force Medical University in Xi’an, ranked “very high-risk” for its level of defence research, including its work on medical and psychological sciences, according to the Australian Strategic Policy Institute’s Defence Universities Tracker.
The Air Force Medical University, also known as the Fourth Medical University, was placed under the command of the PLA under President Xi Jinping’s military reforms in 2017. The editor-in-chief of the paper, Xu Dezhong, reported to the top leadership of the Chinese Military Commission and Ministry of Health during the SARS epidemic of 2003, briefing them 24 times and preparing three reports, according to his online biography. -The Australian
The editor-in-chief of the paper, Xu Dezhong, reported to the top leadership of the Chinese Military Commission
and Ministry of Health during the SARS epidemic of 2003. (via The Australian)
"We were able to verify its authenticity as a document authored by the particular PLA researchers and scientists," according to Robert Potter, a digital forensics specialist who has worked for the US, Australian and Canadian governments - and has previously analyzed leaked Chinese government documents, according to the report. "We were able to locate its genesis on the Chinese internet."
Former US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and his chief China adviser, Miles Yu, referenced the document in a February op-ed in the Wall Street Journal, writing that "A 2015 PLA study treated the 2003 SARS coronavirus outbreak as a ‘contemporary genetic weapon’ launched by foreign forces."
And according to Peter Jennings, executive director of the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, "There is no clear distinction for research capability because whether it’s used offensively or defensively is not a decision these scientists would take," adding "If you are building skills ostensibly to protect your military from a biological attack, you’re at the same time giving your military a capacity to use these weapons offensively. You can’t separate the two."
Quote:The study also examines the optimum conditions under which to release a bioweapon. “Bioweapon attacks are best conducted during dawn, dusk, night or cloudy weather because intense sunlight can damage the pathogens,” it states. “Biological agents should be released during dry weather. Rain or snow can cause the aerosol particles to precipitate.
“A stable wind direction is desirable so that the aerosol can float into the target area.”
Among the most bizarre claims by the military scientists is their theory that SARS-CoV-1, the virus that caused the SARS epidemic of 2003, was a man-made bioweapon, deliberately unleashed on China by “terrorists”. -The Australian
News of the document follows a May 3 report that the Wuhan Institute of Virology was working with the Chinese government in a team which comprised five military and civil experts, "who conducted research at WIV labs, military labs, and other civil labs leading to “the discovery of animal pathogens [biological agents that causes disease] in wild animals," according to the Epoch Times.
And as we noted in March, the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) - headed by Dr. Anthony Fauci, "had funded a number of projects that involved WIV scientists, including much of the Wuhan lab's work with bat coronaviruses."
In 2017, Fauci's agency resumed funding a controversial grant to genetically modify bat coronaviruses in Wuhan, China without the approval of a government oversight body, according to the Daily Caller. For context, in 2014, the Obama administration temporarily suspended federal funding for gain-of-function research on bat coronaviruses. Four months prior to that decision, the NIH effectively shifted this research to the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV) via a grant to nonprofit group EcoHealth Alliance, headed by Peter Daszak.
Peter Daszak, president of EcoHealth Alliance
The NIH's first $666,442 installment of EcoHealth's $3.7 million grant was paid in June 2014, with similar annual payments through May 2019 under the "Understanding The Risk Of Bat Coronavirus Emergence" project.
Notably, the WIV "had openly participated in gain-of-function research in partnership with U.S. universities and institutions" for years under the leadership of Dr. Shi 'Batwoman' Zhengli, according to the Washington Post's Josh Rogin.
EcoHealth Alliance president Peter Daszak toasts with WIV's 'Batwoman' Shi Zhengli
So now we have a 2015 document from the Chinese military describing using COVID as a bioweapon - four years before the COVID-19 pandemic breaks out just miles away from a Chinese lab working to make bat COVID more transmissible to humans, and you're a conspiracy theorist peddling 'debunked lies' if you think they might be related.
And for those who say 'COVID-19 couldn't be man-made because a laboratory-created virus would have tell-tale signs of manipulation' - au contraire. As Nicholas Wade noted three days ago in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, "newer methods, called “no-see-um” or “seamless” approaches, leave no defining marks. Nor do other methods for manipulating viruses such as serial passage, the repeated transfer of viruses from one culture of cells to another. If a virus has been manipulated, whether with a seamless method or by serial passage, there is no way of knowing that this is the case. "
It's as if the painfully obvious answer was right in front of us, only to be shrouded in propaganda by China-friendly politicians, big tech, and news outlets running cover for what should be the easiest game of connect-the-dots on the planet. Luckily, what was taboo as recently as a year ago will soon be exposed for the world to see, thanks to The Bulletin Of Atomic Scientists which earlier this week dared to open The Wuhan Virus "Pandora's Box"...
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Vatican uses pro-abortion terminology ‘pro-choice’ for first time in ‘abdication of moral authority’ |
Posted by: Stone - 05-12-2021, 06:33 AM - Forum: Pope Francis
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Vatican uses pro-abortion terminology ‘pro-choice’ for first time in ‘abdication of moral authority’
In a letter to the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops regarding distribution of Holy Communion to pro-abortion politicians,
the Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith made reference to 'pro-choice' four times.
VATICAN CITY, May 11, 2021 (LifeSiteNews - slightly adapted) – In what would appear to be a first, the Vatican has succumbed to a common practice among abortion advocates and repeatedly mentioned the pro-abortion term “pro-choice” in a recent letter describing politicians who support abortion.
Cardinal Luis F. Ladaria, Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF), used the terminology in a May 7 letter to Archbishop José H. Gomez, president of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB). Cardinal Ladaria was writing in response to Archbishop Gomez’s letter to the CDF informing the congregation that the U.S. bishops were drawing up a policy on the distribution of Holy Communion to politicians who support abortion.
Of these, Joe Biden is the most prominent and well known of Catholics in the public life who support abortion. Any USCCB policy on distributing Holy Communion would be in response to issues the Church would face from Biden, as Archbishop Gomez outlined in his letter after Biden’s inauguration in January.
In his letter admonishing Gomez for such a plan, Cardinal Ladaria employed the term “pro-choice” four times. He referred to “pro-choice politicians” twice, as well as “pro-choice legislation” and a “pro-choice position.”
One such example of the CDF’s use of this term is given when noting how local bishops should “reach out to and engage in dialogue with Catholic politicians within their jurisdictions who adopt a pro-choice position regarding abortion legislation, euthanasia, or other moral evils, as a means of understanding the nature of their positions and their comprehension of Catholic teaching.”
The Catholic Church teaches that abortion is always wrong because it kills an innocent human being, thus violating the Church’s prohibition on murder, and that homosexual acts are “intrinsically disordered” and “under no circumstances can they be approved” (CCC 2270-2272; CCC 2357).
Furthermore, popes and members of the hierarchy have consistently referred to supporters of abortion in precise terms, not the ambiguous “pro-choice” as favored by abortion supporters.
In Pope John Paul II’s 1995 encyclical Evangelium Vitae, he referred to abortion supporters as “pro-abortion” and used the widespread “pro-life” when referring to those who sought to defend the right to life of the unborn.
While abortion advocates such as Biden promote the right of mothers to “choose” whether to have an abortion or not, John Paul II firmly rejected the notion that a Catholic could hold this position: “We are facing an enormous and dramatic clash between good and evil, death and life, the ‘culture of death’ and the ‘culture of life.’ We find ourselves not only ‘faced with’ but necessarily ‘in the midst of’ this conflict: we are all involved and we all share in it, with the inescapable responsibility of choosing to be unconditionally pro-life.”
“Abortion and euthanasia are thus crimes which no human law can claim to legitimize,” the Pope continued. “There is no obligation in conscience to obey such laws; instead, there is a grave and clear obligation to oppose them by conscientious objection.”
In 2002, then-Cardinal Ratzinger wrote the CDF’s letter “Doctrinal note on some questions regarding the participation of Catholics in political life,” echoing the Pope’s words. Cardinal Ratzinger stated that Catholics “have the right and the duty to recall society to a deeper understanding of human life and to the responsibility of everyone in this regard. John Paul II, continuing the constant teaching of the Church, has reiterated many times that those who are directly involved in lawmaking bodies have a grave and clear obligation to oppose any law that attacks human life. For them, as for every Catholic, it is impossible to promote such laws or to vote for them.”
Indeed, the 1974 CDF document “Declaration on Procured Abortion” was firm about the danger of the terminology and arguments of the so called pro-choice movement. “One can never claim freedom of opinion as a pretext for attacking the rights of others, most especially the right to life,” the CDF wrote.
However, abortion advocates have long utilized the term “pro-choice” as a means to separate the abortion argument from the gruesome reality of the murder of the unborn. In fact, Human Life International (HLI) documented how using the term “pro-choice” was the “greatest marketing triumphs of the abortion movement.”
HLI reminded readers how Dr. Bernard Nathanson, himself a founding member of pro-abortion lobby group NARAL and later a pro-lifer, wrote, “I remember laughing when we made those slogans up. We were looking for some sexy, catchy slogans to capture public opinion. They were very cynical slogans then, just as all of these slogans today are very, very cynical.”
Despite some wavering in the pro-abortion lobby about continued use of the 1970’s originated term today, it still remains the standard way by which abortion advocates and supporters describe themselves. For instance, abortion lobby group NARAL includes the term inn its official title “NARAL pro–choice America.”
So also does the National Abortion Federation, which has as its website name prochoice.org.
These high profile examples offer an insight into what the term has come to mean in modern society, namely “the right to choose abortion,” as NARAL itself wrote.
With its adoption of the pro-abortion terminology, the Vatican appears to be taking making an ideological surrender, which Pope John Paul II and Cardinal Ratzinger would have sternly warned against.
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May 12th - Sts. Sts Nereus, Achilleus, Flavia Domitilla, and Pancras |
Posted by: Stone - 05-12-2021, 06:27 AM - Forum: May
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May 12 – Sts Nereus and Achilleus, Martyrs and St Flavia Domitilla, Virgin and Martyr
So far in our Paschal Season, the choir of Martyr-Virgins has not yet offered to Jesus its crown of roses and lilies. It does so today, by presenting to him the noble Flavia Domitilla—the fairest flower of Rome, that was cut down by the sword of martyrdom in the first age of the Christian Faith. It was under the persecution of Domitian—the same that condemned John the Evangelist to be burned alive in the cauldron of boiling oil—that Flavia Domitilla was honored with banishment and death for the sake of our Redeemer, whom she had chosen as her Spouse. She was of the Imperial family, being a niece of Flavius Clemens, who adorned the Consular dignity by martyrdom. She was one of the Christians belonging to the court of the Emperor Domitian, who show us how rapidly the Religion of the poor and humble made its way to the highest classes of Roman life. A few years previous to this, St. Paul sent to the Christians of Philippi the greetings of the Christians of Nero’s palace. There is still extant, not far from Rome, on the Ardeatine Way, the magnificent subterraneous Cemetery, which Flavia Domitilla ordered to be dug on her Prædium, and in which were buried the two Martyrs, Nereus and Achilleus, whom the Church honors today together with the noble Virgin, who owes her crown to them.
Nereus and Achilleus were in Domitilla’s service. [The Acts of these two Saints—which were drawn up long after their Martyrdom, and on which were formed the Lessons of today’s Office—call them “Eunuchs:” but it is a mistake of the compiler, who belongs to the 5th or 6th Century. The introduction of Eunuchs into the Imperial Court, and into the Roman families, is of a later date than the reign of Domitian.] Hearing them one day speaking on the merit of Virginity, she there and then bade farewell to all worldly pleasures, and aspired to the honor of being the Spouse of Christ. She received the Veil of consecrated Virgins from the hands of Pope St. Clement: Nereus and Achilleus had been baptized by St. Peter himself. What glorious reminiscences for one day!
The bodies of these three Saints reposed, for several centuries, in the Basilica, called the Fasciola, on the Appian Road; and we have a Homily which St. Gregory the Great preached in his Church on their Feast. The holy Pontiff dwelt on the vanity of this earth’s goods; he encouraged his audience to despise them by the example of the three Martyrs, whose Relics lay under the very Altar around which they were that day assembled. “These Saints,” said he [in his 28th homily], “before whose Tomb we are now standing, trampled, with contempt of soul, on the world and its flowers. Life was then long, health was uninterrupted, riches were abundant, parents were blessed with many children; and yet, though the world was so flourishing in itself, it had long been a withered thing in their hearts.”
Later on, the Fasciola having been almost reduced to ruins by the disasters that had befallen Rome, the bodies of the three Saints were translated, in the 13th Century, to the Church of St. Adrian, in the Forum. There they remained till the close of the 16th Century, when the great Baronius, who had been raised to the Cardinalate, with the Title of Saints Nereus and Achilleus, resolved to repair the Church that was thus entrusted to his care. Through his munificence, the naves were restored; the history of the three Martyrs was painted on the walls; the marble pulpit, from which St. Gregory preached the Homily, was brought back, and the Homily itself was graven, from beginning to end, on the back; and the Confession was enriched with mosaics and precious marbles, preparatory to its receiving the sacred Relics, of which it had been deprived for three hundred years.
Baronius felt that it was high time to put an end to the long exile of the holy Martyrs, whose honor was not made so specially dear to him. He organized a formal triumph for their return. Christian Rome excels in the art of blending together the forms of classic antiquity and the sentiments inspired by Faith. The chariot, bearing a superb canopy, under which lay the Relics of the three Martyrs, was first led to the Capitol. On reaching the top of the clivus Capitolinus, the eye met two Inscriptions, placed parallel with each other. On one were these words: “To Saint Flavia Domitilla, Virgin and Martyr of Rome, the Capitol, purified from the wicked worship of demons and restored more perfectly than by Flavius Vespasian and Domitian, Emperors, kinsmen of the Christian Virgin.” On the other: “The Senate and People of Rome to Saint Flavia Domitilla, Virgin and Martyr of Rome, who, by allowing herself to be put to death by fire, for the Faith of Christ, brought greater glory to Rome, than did her kinsmen, the Emperors Flavius Vespasian and Domitian, when, at their own expense, they restored the Capitol, that had twice suffered from fire.”
The Reliquaries of the Martyrs were then put on an altar that had been erected near the equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius. After being venerated by the Faithful, they were replaced on the chariot, which descended by the opposite side of the Capitol. The Procession soon reached the triumphal arch of Septimus Severus, on which were hung these two inscriptions:
“To the holy Martyrs, Flavia Domitilla, Nereus and Achilleus, the best of citizens, the Senate and People of Rome, for their having honored the Roman name by their glorious death, and won peace for the Roman commonwealth by shedding their blood.”
“To Flavia Domitilla, Nereus and Achilleus, the invincible Martyrs of Christ Jesus, the Senate and People of Rome, for their having honored the City by the noble testimony they bore to the Christian Faith.”
Following the Via Sacra, the Procession was soon in front of the triumphal Arch of Titus, the monument of God’s victory over the deicide nation. On one side there were inscribed these words: “This triumphal Arch, formerly dedicated and raised to the Emperor Titus Flavius Vespasian, for his having brought the rebellious Judea under the yoke of the Roman people, is now, by the Senate and People of Rome, more auspiciously dedicated and consecrated to Flavia Domitilla, kindwoman of the same Titus, for having, by her death, increased and furthered the Christian Religion.”
On the other side of the Arch, there was the following inscription: “To Flavia Domitilla, Virgin and Martyr of Rome, kinswoman of the Emperor Titus Flavius Vespasian, the Senate and People of Rome, for her having, by the shedding her blood and laying down her life for the Faith, rendered a more glorious homage to the death of Christ, than did the said Titus, when, by a divine inspiration, he destroyed Jerusalem, to avenge that same Death.”
Leaving on the left the Colisseum—the hallowed ground whereon so many Martyrs had fought the battle of Faith—they passed under the triumphal Arch of Constantine, which so eloquently speaks of the victory of Christianity, both in Rome and the Empire, and which still bears on it the name of the Flavia family, of which the first Christian Emperor was a member. The two following inscriptions were attached to the Arch.
“To Flavia Domitilla, Nereus and Achilleus, the Senate and People of Rome. On this Sacred Way—whereon so many Roman Emperors received triumphal honors for having brought various provinces into subjection to the Roman People—these Martyrs are receiving today a more glorious triumph, for that they conquered, by a greater courage, the conquerors themselves.”
“To Flavia Domitilla, the Senate and People of Rome. Twelve Emperors, her kinsman, conferred honor on the Flavia family and on Rome herself, by their deeds of fame; but she, by sacrificing all human honors and life itself, for Christ’s sake, rendered greater service to both family and City than they.”
The Procession then continued its route along the Appian Way, and at length reached the Basilica. Baronius, assisted by a great number of Cardinals, received the precious Relics, and took them with great respect to the Confession of the High Altar. Meanwhile the Choir sang this Antiphon of the Pontifical: “Come in, ye Saints of God! for a dwelling hath been prepared for you by the Lord. The faithful people have followed you on your way, that ye may intercede for them with the Majesty of the Lord. Alleluia!”
The following is the account of our three Martyrs, as given in the Liturgy.
Quote:Nereus and Achilleus, brothers, were in the service of Flavia Domitilla, and were baptized, together with her and her mother Plautilla, by St. Peter. They persuaded Domitilla to consecrate her virginity to God; in consequence of which, they were accused of being Christians, by Aurelian to whom she was betrothed. They made an admirable confession of their Faith, and were banished to the Isle of Pontia. There they were once again examined, and were condemned to be flogged. They were, shortly afterwards, taken to Terracina; and, by orders of Minucius Rufus, were hoisted on the rack and tormented with burning torches. On their resolutely declaring that, having been baptized by blessed Peter the Apostle, no tortures should ever induce them to offer sacrifice to idols, they were beheaded. Their bodies were taken to Rome, by their disciple Auspicius, Domitilla’s tutor, and were buried on the Ardeantine Way.
Flavia Domitilla, a Roman lady, and niece of the Emperors Titus and Domitian, received the holy veil of virginity from the blessed Pope Clement. She was accused of being a Christian, by Aurelian, to whom she was promised in marriage, and who was a son of the Consul Titus Aurelius. The Emperor Domitian banished her to the Isle of Pontia, where she suffered a long martyrdom in prison. She was finally taken to Terracina, where she again confessed Christ. Finding that her constancy was not to be shaken, the judge ordered the house where she lodged to be set on fire; and thus she, together with two virgins, her foster-sisters, Theodora and Euphrosyna, completed her glorious martyrdom, on the ninth of the nones of May (May 7th), during the reign of the Emperor Trajan. Their bodies were found entire, and were buried by a Deacon, named Cæsarius. But this is the day on which the bodies of the two brothers and that of Domitilla were translated from the Diaconia of Saint Adrian to the Basilica, called Fasciola.
How grand was the triumph which Rome gave to you, O holy Martyrs, so many centuries after your glorious deaths! How true it is, that there is no glory here on earth, which can bear comparison with that of the Saints! Where are now those twelve Emperors, thy kinsmen, O Domitilla? Who cares about their remains? Who even cherishes their memory? One of them was surnamed “the delight of mankind;” and now, how many are there who never heard of his existence? Another, the last of the twelve, had the glory of proclaiming the victory won by the Cross, over the Roman Empire; Christian Rome honors and loves his name; but the homage of religious devotion is not given to him, but to thee, O Domitilla, and to the two Martyrs whose names are now associated with thine.
Who does not recognize the power of Jesus’ Resurrection, in the love and enthusiasm wherewith a whole people welcome your holy Relics, O Martyrs of the Living God? Fifteen hundred years had elapsed; and yet your lifeless remains were greeted with a transport of joy, as though you yourselves were there, and living. It was because we Christians know that Jesus, who is the the first-born of the dead has risen from the grave; and that you also are one day to rise glorious like him. Therefore do the Faithful honor, by anticipation, the immortality which, at a future period, is to be given to your Bodies, slain as they were for Jesus’ sake; they already see, by faith, the future brightness which is to be imparted to your Flesh; and in all this, they are proclaiming the dignity which the Redemption has given to man, to whom Death is now but a transition to true Life, and the Tomb but a resting place where the Body is consigned, as seed to the earth, to be restored in a hundred-fold of richer beauty.
Happy they who, as the prophecy says, have washed their robes, and have made them white in the Blood of the Lamb! But happier they, says holy Church, who, after being thus purified, have mingled their own blood with that of the Divine Victim! for by so doing, they have filled up, in their flesh, those things that are wanting of the sufferings of Christ. Hence, their intercession is powerful, and we should address our prayers to them with love and confidence. Befriend us, then, O holy Martyrs Nereus, Achilleus and Domitilla! Obtain for us an ardent love for our Risen Jesus; perseverance in the New Life he has conferred upon us; detachment from the things of this world, and a determined resolution to trample them beneath our feet, should they become a danger to our eternal salvation. Pray for us, that we may be courageous in resisting our spiritual enemies, ever ready to defend our holy Faith, and earnest in our endeavors to gain that Kingdom, which is to be borne away by violence. Be you the Defenders of the holy Roman Church, which fervently celebrates your memory each year. You, Nereus and Achilleus, were converts of Peter; and thou, Domitilla, wast the spiritual daughter of Clement, Peter’s successor: protect the Pontiff who now governs the Church—the Pontiff in whom Peter still lives—the Pontiff, the Successor of Clement. Dispel the storms which are threatening the Cross on the Capitol, and pray for the inhabitants of Rome, that they may be staunch to the Faith.
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May 11th - Sts. Philip and James the Lesser, Apostles |
Posted by: Stone - 05-12-2021, 06:19 AM - Forum: May
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MAY 11TH - SAINTS PHILIP and JAMES THE LESSER, APOSTLES
Today two of the fortunate witnesses of the Resurrection of our beloved Savior are introduced to us; Philip and James come to testify that their Master has really risen from the dead, that they have seen him, that they have been able to touch him, that they stayed with him during these forty days. And so that no doubt arises as to the sincerity of their testimony, they hold in their hands the instruments of martyrdom they have undergone to attest that Jesus, after suffering death, came out alive from his grave.
St. Philip.
According to tradition, St. Philip’s preaching took place near the Scythians; and it is supposed that he died in Gerapoli in Phrygia. Ancient documents attest that he was martyred under Domitian or Trajan.
St. James.
St. James, better known, was called the “Brother of the Lord” because there was a bond of kinship between his mother and that of Jesus. In these days of Easter time he is offered in a special way to our admiration. We know from the Apostle Saint Paul that he was favored by the risen Savior with a special apparition. And such a privilege undoubtedly corresponded to a particular dedication of this disciple to the Master. He was named first. Bishop of Jerusalem and the fame of his virtues was so great that they called him the “Just One” throughout the city. The Jews, too blind to understand that the terrible disaster of their city was due to the punishment for the deicide, saw the cause in the assassination of James, who fell under their blows, while praying for them. We will be able to penetrate the so serene and pure soul of the holy Apostle, reading the admirable Epistle through which he still speaks to us. In it with celestial language it teaches us that we must join the works to faith, if we want to be righteous with that justice that will make us similar to our resurrected Head.
The relics of Saints James and Philip, rest in Rome, in the Basilica known as the Twelve Apostles and form one of the most sacred treasures of the eternal city. Those of St. Philip were transported there during the Pontificate of Pope Pelagius I (died in 560), the first of May, the day on which the Dedication of that Church was celebrated; those of St. James were brought to you a little later. Except for the feasts of Saint John the Evangelist and of Saint Andrew the brother of Saint Peter, for a long time the Church of Rome did not celebrate the other feasts of the Apostles, which it united to the solemnity of SS. Peter and Paul. The welcome given to the bodies of Saints Philip and James, transported here from the East in the 6th century, gave rise to the institution of today’s feast in their honor; and this derogation led gradually to insert,
Prayer to the two Apostles
You, Holy Apostles, saw Jesus risen in all his glory, who said to you on Easter evening: “peace be with you! And he appeared to you during these forty days, to make you sure of his Resurrection. Great was your joy in receiving the Master, who had deigned to choose you among his intimate confidants, and your love for him became more ardent than ever. We turn to you as initiators of the faithful to the mysteries of Easter and as our special intercessors in this sacred time. Let us know and love the risen Jesus. Dilate our hearts in the paschal joy, and do not allow us to ever lose that life which we have regained with Jesus.
… St. Philip
The dedication that you have towards him, or Philip, appeared from the first days of your vocation. You had just met the Messiah, who was already rushing to announce him to his friend Nathanael. Jesus let you approach his person with sweet familiarity.
At the moment of performing the miracle of the multiplication of the loaves, he turned to you, saying with goodness: «Where will we buy bread to feed these people? ». A few days before the Master’s Passion, Gentile men, who wished to see with their own eyes the great prophet whose wonders were being told, turned to you to be brought to him. And with what ardor at the Last Supper you asked Jesus to make you know Heavenly Father! Your soul aspired to divine light; and when it was inflamed by the fire of the Holy Spirit, nothing more than exceeded your courage. To reward you for your work. Jesus made you share in the honor of his cross. Question, Holy Apostle, that we imitate your ardent search with our common Master, and that the cross is sweet, when he likes to make us participate.
… to St. James
We honor in you the love you brought to the Redeemer; in you who were called the Brother of the Lord, who resembled him in the features of the noble face, who were Pastor of the Church of Jerusalem. If you had a moment of weakness like the others in the Time of the Passion, your repentance brought you back to Jesus: after Peter, you were the first of the Apostles to whom he deigned to manifest himself in particular. We congratulate ourselves on this enviable favor; in return show us how great is the sweetness of our risen Lord. Your heart, Holy Apostle, aspired no more than to show Jesus all the gratitude with which he was full; and the last testimony that you gave to his divinity in the unfaithful city, opened to you, by means of martyrdom, that way that was to unite you forever. Get, generous Apostle.
Prayer for the Church
By gathering in one prayer, or holy Apostles, we ask you to have mercy on the Church of the East that you evangelized. Pray for Jerusalem, desecrated by schism and heresy, get us to be able to see it soon free and purified; that the Holy Places cease to be stained with sacrilege every day. Arouse in Christians of Asia Minor the desire to return to the fold, governed by the High Shepherd. And finally, Holy Apostles, pray for Rome, which has become your second homeland, since it is within its walls that you await the glorious Resurrection.
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Requiescat in Pace: Albina G. |
Posted by: SAguide - 05-11-2021, 06:10 PM - Forum: Appeals for Prayer
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Requiem aeternam dona ei Domine, et lux perpetua luceat ei. Requiescat in pace. Amen.
In your charity, please pray for the soul of Albina Violette G. who passed away today.
Albina was a member of Our Lady of Fatima Chapel and mother, grandmother and great grandmother of several parishioners.
Yesterday the family celebrated her 100th birthday with her at her daughter's home where she has been lovingly taken care of.
Last week she was able to receive the sacraments including extreme unction (Fr. Hewko). May her soul rest in peace.
✠ ✠ ✠
The De Profundis
Out of the depths I have cried to Thee, O Lord: Lord, hear my voice. Let Thine ears be attentive to the voice of my supplication. If thou, O Lord, wilt mark iniquities: Lord, who shall abide it. For with Thee there is merciful forgiveness: and because of Thy law, I have waited for Thee, O Lord. My soul hath waited on His word: my soul hath hoped in the Lord. From the morning watch even until night, let Israel hope in the Lord. For with the Lord there is mercy: and with Him plenteous redemption. And He shall redeem Israel from all his iniquities.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost, as it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
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An army of Big Biotech companies is using psych tactics to ‘create vaccine demand’ |
Posted by: Stone - 05-11-2021, 06:37 AM - Forum: COVID Vaccines
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An army of Big Biotech companies is using psych tactics to ‘create vaccine demand’
A new ‘Vaccination Demand Observatory’ is using surveillance, bots, and ‘behavior change’ mass marketing schemes to press reluctant people into getting the shots
May 7, 2021 (LifeSiteNews - adapted: not all hyperlinks in the original article are included below) – The U.S. is awash in a surplus of coronavirus vaccines as there has been a sudden in drop in demand for them; most Americans who want the shots have had them. Now an army of Big Biotech’s agencies set up to address “vaccine hesitancy” are turning up their mass marketing to “create demand” using surveillance, rapid data analysis, media control, and host of behavior control strategies they’ve outlined in their playbooks.
Demand plummets
About 40% of the total adult population has been fully vaccinated, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Uptake plummeted 25% after a peak in mid-April, and 56.4% of adults have had at least one dose of a coronavirus vaccine.
But five million people – about eight per cent of those who took a first dose of the shot – failed to show up for their second dose appointments, according to the CDC.
As a result, excess vaccine stock has been piling up across the country. Chairs sat empty at a Philadelphia mass vaccination site where 4,000 unused doses of vaccines were due to expire. A million doses, representing one out of every four sent to Louisiana by the federal government, were sitting on shelves. One Wyoming county asked the state to stop shipping vaccines because it had a surplus of 20,000 shots; North Carolina closed its vaccination clinics for lack of demand.
“For the first time ever, we’ve had appointments at many vaccination sites that have not been filled,” said Los Angeles County Public Health Director Barbara Ferrer during a news briefing last Thursday.
“There [are] a lot of people around here who … I don't think they want to take the vaccine,” chuckled Ralph Merrill, an engineer who sits on an Alabama county board.
Vaccine vs. virus fear
Numerous mainstream media fretted about “vaccine hesitancy,” blaming it on COVID-19 denialism, “conspiracy theories,” and QAnon followers, Trump supporters, and minority mistrust of the government with its brutal history of racist eugenics. No one mentioned that some people just don’t think the vaccine works. The mainstream media simply ignored Yale Professor of Epidemiology Harvey Risch, for example, who revealed that the majority of people now coming down with COVID-19 have been vaccinated against the virus.
Nor did they mention the leading reason for vaccine refusal cited by 45% of those in a March poll conducted by the Delphi Group for Facebook researchers, which is fear of side-effects, however. With reported adverse events at 118,746 total in the U.S. alone, including 3,410 deaths and 1,595 permanent disabilities, it is a legitimate deterrent. So is the abrupt halt of AstraZeneca’s vaccine for its high rate of blood clots, and the pause of Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine.
Many people simply fear the novel vaccine more than the novel virus which, according to the CDC, has an overall 99.4% survival rate for those aged 50-65 who get the infection. The odds go up as people get older but decrease if people are younger. For those under 18, the coronavirus fatality rate estimated by the CDC is 0.00002, which translates into a 99.98% COVID survival rate. In fact, for those under 18, the lifetime odds of being struck by lightning are higher than the odds of dying of the virus.
Nevertheless, President Joe Biden said Tuesday that now that the bulk of the vaccinated are seniors – 85% of whom have gotten at least their first vaccine dose – he wants 70% of all Americans to get their first dose by July 4. He specifically pitched the jab to youths and announced his administration would be sending the vaccines to pediatricians to dole out over the coming weeks.
“Getting vaccinated not only protects you but reduces risk of giving the virus to somebody else,” Biden said, employing a classic line of “social marketing” script from a global industry of behavior change experts compelling people to take the shot.
Vaccination Demand Observatory
“[P]ublic health experts know that the last inch – getting the vaccine from vial to arm – can be the hardest,” according to the Vaccination Demand Observatory
Launched last week, the Observatory runs a “beta dashboard” of data and resources “intended for select global public health professionals.”
The Observatory was established by a group called the Public Good Projects (PGP) which “designs and implements large-scale behavior change programs for the public good,” UNICEF – which has received $86.6 million from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation since 2020 – and the Gates-subsidized Yale Institute for Global Health.
PGP was founded by Joe Smyser, a public health academic who trained at the CDC and has partnered with Google and Facebook. Its board members include executives from Merck pharmaceuticals, Pepsi, Levi-Strauss, the Advertising Council, Sesame Street, Campbell’s, and TikTok.
PGP’s website says that through “media monitoring and bots, grassroots social media organizing, or thought leadership, we deploy our considerable resources and connections to communication for change.”
Bots – or internet robots, also known as crawlers – can scan content on webpages all over the internet and create automated conversations and comments.
“PGP is monitoring coronavirus-related media conversations 24/7 to provide organizations with real-time public health expertise and messaging guidance.”
The supposed danger of the disease needs to be emphasized, because ‘If people perceive that they are at low risk of contracting COVID-19, or that the consequences of becoming infected will not be severe, they will be less willing to get vaccinated.’
The group has promoted vaccines before. It developed the #StopFlu campaign, recruiting 120 “‘micro’ social media influencers” in the “African American and Latinx communities across eight states” and giving them prompts to sell their audiences the ideas that flu is a serious problem and that healthy people need flu shots.
PGP’s Observatory says it aims to “mitigate…mistrust on all vaccines.” Awash in Brave New World speak, the program’s “three pillars” are “social listening analytics,” a training program, and a “Vaccine Acceptance Interventions Lab” (VAIL) to “draw upon behavioral and social research and insights from social listening” and to develop "inoculation messages to vaccinate people against vaccine misinformation.” These would be “rapid field tested for tone, format and behavior change impact before being implemented.”
In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) created a new public health field called “infodemiology” – the “science of managing infodemics.” PGP and UNICEF are leading the “Field Infodemiologist Training Program (FITP)” based in UNICEF country offices, government offices, and offices of other “multilateral partners” to train “field infodemic managers” to conduct “public health surveillance for misinformation” and provide “community support in “misinformation outbreaks.
Big Biotech’s global network
Among the huge network of organizations and programs involved in the vast mass marketing of vaccine demand – besides the WHO, CDC, UNICEF, PGP, and Yale – key orchestrators include:
- Stronger – a new national campaign formed by an “ever-growing number of public and private sector partners” including PGP, Google and BIO. “Whether it’s vaccine misinformation or climate change denial, we’re seeing a dangerous strain of anti-science rhetoric growing online,” its website says. “Our aim is to cut through the noise and normalize the truth.”
- BIO – Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO), the world’s largest biotech advocacy association representing member companies including vaccine manufacturers Pfizer Inc., Moderna Therapeutics Inc., Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Biotech, and GlaxoSmithKline as well as big agriculture companies like Monsanto along with academic institutions and “related organizations.”
- Project RCAID – created by PGP for “Rapid Collection Analysis Interpretation and Dissemination” – provides “real-time media monitoring with daily analyses from public health experts.”
- Zignal Labs – a “media intelligence platform” to “craft messages” and “take control of threatening narratives before they emerge.”
- Family Health International or FHI 360 – an organization that uses “social psychology, anthropology, behavioral economics, social marketing, and other behavioral sciences” to effect behavior change. It has received tens of millions from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to “create demand for long-acting contraceptives” in poor countries. Its donors also include the CDC, the World Bank, and vaccine-maker Johnson & Johnson. It’s now in the business of creating COVID-19 vaccine demand, too.
Playbook rules
In the world of “infodemic management,” one will inevitably come across the name of Jeff French, Professor at Brighton University and author of Strategic Social Marketing: For Behaviour and Social Change, whose text is referenced in most of the guides to mass marketing vaccines. French published a paper in July 2020 with the pandemic just a few months underway and a vaccine reportedly still unavailable for years to come about “Pre-Emptive COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Promotion Strategy.” His tips have evidently inspired much of the standard pandemic vaccine sell:
- “Effective campaigning against vaccine misinformation should focus on the dangers of the disease” and “draw on the powerful motivator of fear of loss along with the possibility of gain of positive health”
- “Appeal to emotions since data alone will not be enough.”
- Do not put adverse events at the center of “demand creation efforts” but “be sure to contextualize them” and help audiences understand that “most will be rare and of limited duration.”
- “Any media management and engagement strategy that is developed will need to include proactive, rolling media briefings, story generation, editorial feeds…and will also need to include 24/7 media monitoring and rebuttal/correction systems.”
- Authorities should have “agreements in place” about “how and when misleading information and advocates of such information should be removed and flagged as being problematic on social media.”
- Repeat “positive messaging that emphasizes the protective (individual, family, and community) benefits of the vaccine and the loss associated with not being vaccinated (death, poor health, loss of freedom and social solidarity, inability to travel” etc.)
- “Partner” with the pharmaceutical industry, other for-profits, and NGOs to promote vaccines.
- “Seek interventions” with key leaders in the anti-vaccination community and “seek to turn such informants into advocates for vaccination.”
- “Continue to promote other protective behaviors such as handwashing and physical distancing.”
- “Integrate financial and non-financial incentives… along with penalties for non-compliance by imposing restrictions on travel, education, or employment.”
- “Governments will need to deliver and communicate what mix of incentives and penalty interventions will be used to promote demand.”
Behavior modification and operant conditioning techniques are a frequent theme of French’s writings; a 2014 paper he wrote for the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control on vaccine uptake said “behavioural interventions should seek to reward desired behaviours and when appropriate penalise inappropriate behaviour.”
A range of playbooks for public health agencies and “stakeholders” on strategies to make people take the shot follow on French’s instructions. The World Health Organization issued a “technical advisory” on the heels of French’s guidelines called Behavioral Considerations for Acceptance and Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccines in October, still two months before a shot was even available. Some of its advice is sounding very familiar now:
- “Leverage anticipated regret in communications.” For example, by “asking people how they would feel if they do not get vaccinated and end up contracting COVID-19 or transmitting it to loved ones.”
- “Emphasize the social benefits.” Tell people that “vaccination not only benefits the individual” but builds “herd” or “population immunity”
- “Putting emphasis on the economic benefits, such as being able to stay in the workforce and provide for one’s family, might also encourage vaccination”
- “Manage expectations.” Since vaccine uptake may be “undermined by COVID-19 vaccines being not fully effective, meaning that people will have to continue to engage in preventive behaviour (e.g. maskwearing and physical distancing) even if and after they have been vaccinated.”
- Emphasize danger of disease. “If people perceive that they are at low risk of contracting COVID-19, or that the consequences of becoming infected will not be severe, they will be less willing to get vaccinated.”
- Downplay dangers of vaccination and adverse events. “Some people may try to compare the risk of getting infected with that of taking a new vaccine, and determine that between the two, the risk of COVID-19 is lower.” Adverse events are “often inevitable when large numbers of people get vaccinated in a short period of time.” Neutralize the blow by “communicating proactively about uncertainty” and risk of vaccine-associated disability and death.
‘Field Guide’
UNICEF and PGP’s Vaccine Misinformation Management Field Guide advises vaccine promoters to “consider putting vaccination in a ‘gain frame’. Show happy, healthy, productive people in graphics, and if you must show the act of vaccination try to avoid needles and tears.”
It’s easy to find examples of French’s operant psychology marketing methods being played out in the real world pandemic theatre.
One of its tactics is to badger people to accept vaccination as a “social norm.” Explain that “the majority of people adopt certain behavior and that is what others expect you to do to achieve a common good.”
FHI360 published its own “quickstart guide” on “Demand Creation and Advocacy for COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Uptake” advises governments to “establish a demand creation and advocacy task force” – something Biden did in March, setting aside $1.5 for a media vaccine advertising blitz.
FHI 360 also advises breaking people into “audience segments” of “easy sells” who have “high trust in healthcare providers and do not question vaccines” to “vaccine hesitant” who have “high concerns about safety and “low trust in institutions promoting vaccine.” Then, create “targeted messages,” making “talking point reference sheets for cultural and religious leaders.”
‘Carrot and stick’
It’s easy to find examples of French’s operant psychology marketing methods being played out in the real world pandemic theatre.
The mainstream media have evidently taken the point about “incentives and penalty interventions” on board and “herd immunity” is the new Holy Grail which all who are not reckless criminals should seek. “We’re struggling to get to herd immunity,” CNN’s Michael Smerconish said with the precise tone of fear and alarm that would elicit behavior modification. A full 26% of Americans said they would not take the vaccine, he said, but 44% of Republicans were resisting.
“Those folks jeopardize our ability to get to herd immunity faster,” Smerconish claimed in disgust. “If we don’t get vaccinated and periodically boosted we could prolong the pandemic and find ourselves continuing to fight this battle for years.” He quoted law professor Shanin Specter, who said, “Without a bigger carrot or a bigger stick many Americans will not get vaccinated and we will suffer more death and dislocation.”
The concept of “herd immunity” and how to get there is not settled science. The Great Barrington Declaration, signed by more than 43,000 medical practitioners and 14,000 public health scientists and doctors, proposes that allowing natural immunity to spread while shielding those most vulnerable to COVID infection would be less harmful than blanket lockdowns.
“As immunity builds in the population, the risk of infection to all—including the vulnerable—falls. We know that all populations will eventually reach herd immunity—i.e. the point at which the rate of new infections is stable—and that this can be assisted by (but is not dependent upon) a vaccine. Our goal should therefore be to minimize mortality and social harm until we reach herd immunity,” the declaration says.
Following infodemic guidelines, YouTube’s medical misinformation policy expressly forbids any discussion of natural immunity in herd immunity on its platform.
Real world exercise
Emphasizing fear is a strategy employed frequently by experienced public health personnel, too. “In those communities where the uptake is less it will take a lot longer for the epidemic to end,” Eric Toner, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, told Politico in an article about falling vaccine demand, for example. “There will be more sickness and more death in those communities.”
Former CDC director Tom Frieden employed an offshoot of the “social norm” tactic along with “emphasizing disease danger” in a recent tweet which painted unvaccinated people as “infected” spreaders of supposedly deadly variants.
Research like a recent study from the Cleveland Clinic and Case Western Reserve University which found that new coronavirus variants are actually weaker than the original viral strain from Wuhan are to be ignored or treated as “misinformation.”
Marketing schemes to recruit faith leaders have had success too, as vaccination drives have even moved inside mosques to convince skeptical Muslims to roll up their sleeves. And Pope Francis has enthusiastically embraced the infodemic behavior change mission and is hosting a global public health vaccine promotion conference this week.
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Fauci to Vatican health conference: Priests are key to convincing religious people take the vaccine |
Posted by: Stone - 05-11-2021, 06:19 AM - Forum: Pandemic 2020 [Spiritual]
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Fauci to Vatican health conference: Priests are key to convincing religious people take coronavirus shots
‘You’ve got to match the messenger to the audience,’ the 80-year-old government bureaucrat said.
VATICAN CITY, May 10, 2021 (LifeSiteNews) — The face of America’s COVID-19 response believes that clergy are key to convincing religious people who are reluctant to take an experimental coronavirus vaccine.
Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious (NIAD) diseases, was interviewed by CNN’s Dr. Sanjay Gupta, a journalist specializing in medicine for a Vatican-sponsored health conference published online last week. Asked by Gupta what he would say to “vaccine hesitant” people, Fauci suggested that he was not always the most effective persuader.
“You've got to connect them with people they trust,” said Fauci, whose NIAD division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) gave a large grant to the University of Pittsburgh to conduct medical research by grafting scalps from aborted babies onto rodents.
“The thing that we're finding out that it depends you have, who is the audience and who is the messenger,” Fauci told the leftist journalist.
“You've got to match the messenger with the audience. And I think if you do that, you're going to overcome a lot of the hesitancy. When you go into the trenches and you have someone who's a deeply religious person who will listen to their clergy, that's different than me with a suit, going into an area, telling people to do something.”
Gupta responded by saying that most people would listen to Fauci, and that it was one of his greatest aspirations and dreams to spend some time together with the director soon. The flattering remarks were consistent with the CNN reporter’s interview, which began with fulsome praise and credited Fauci for the development of the vaccines.
“For more than a year now, Dr. Anthony Fauci has been helping all of us here in the United States, around the world get through this coronavirus pandemic,” Gupta said.
READ: Investigation links Fauci to controversial experiments that may have led to pandemic
“His steadfast approach full of evidence and facts has provided a sense of reassurance, but also helped us develop things like vaccines at unprecedented rates, which have obviously been helping countries all over the world.”
Gupta’s first question, which first said “science and faith” sometimes seem “incompatible” was not actually about religious faith but an invitation for Fauci to explain how his “system of beliefs” informed his approach to the novel coronavirus. Fauci previously told Americans during the coronavirus outbreak that it was too dangerous to receive Holy Communion but sex with strangers was alright “if you’re willing to take a risk.”
“Faith, you're believing in certain things. But with science, you want the evidence, you want the reason, the judgment,” Gupta said.
“Just curious how do you think about science and faith and the inflection points, but also when something is truly novel, as the case with this coronavirus, there isn't a lot of evidence?” he continued.
“How much do you have to rely on just your own faith, not necessarily religious faith, but just your system of beliefs?”
The Vatican health conference’s honored guest said that he was glad Gupta had said “not necessarily religious faith.” Fauci explained that his approach, when “starting with nothing” was a “combination of instinct, good judgment, and calling back from experience.”
“That, in some respects, is a non-religious faith issue,” he continued.
“That as you get further and further and more solid scientific information becomes available, you pull away a bit from the kind of experience, instinct and get more into what the reality of the evidence that you have.”
Perhaps referring back to his earlier advice, at the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak, that non-medical personnel should not wear masks, Fauci complained that some people didn’t “appreciate” that the “evolution of understanding and evolution of knowledge” meant that “viewpoints” change.
“Because the data itself will not necessarily change, but additional data changes the status of your knowledge,” he said.
“And your knowledge may go from minimal and you're acting on ‘faith’ as it were versus the true substantive evidence in data, which really gives you a much greater foundation.”
Gupta helped Fauci explain the evolution of his viewpoints by asking him how he willing he was to accept new data that “doesn’t make sense.” Fauci, who has made over 300 media appearances in the last year, replied that he has to be flexible, open-minded, and humble. He suggested that the majority of people spreading COVID-19 are asymptomatic, which flies in the face of conventional knowledge about the transmission of respiratory illnesses.
“We never would have imagined, and it was unique, that we were dealing with a virus where one-third to 40% of the people never get any symptoms. And 50 to 60% of the people who will get infected, get infected from someone with no symptoms,” Fauci said.
“That was completely unprecedented. Totally. And that's the reason why when scientists were saying, it's not really a major driver of asymptomatic infection. And now you find out that it is at least half of the infections are transmitted.”
Fauci claimed that the need to wear masks “was profound,” that the virus had killed 570,000 people in the U.S., and every week people were “hit with another challenge” from variants of the virus.
Fauci is the highest-paid U.S. government employee. Since 2014, he has made $417,608 per year – more than the president. Shortly after President Joe Biden took office, he made Fauci his Chief Medical Advisor, and Fauci informed the World Health Organization that U.S. taxpayer money would once again fund abortions abroad.
“It will be our policy to support women’s and girls’ sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights in the United States, as well as globally,” he said at the time. “To that end, President Biden will be revoking the Mexico City Policy in the coming days, as part of his broader commitment to protect women’s health and advance gender equality at home and around the world.”
The Mexico City Policy prohibits federal funding of abortion abroad. Under former President Donald Trump, it was expanded into a policy called Protecting Life in Global Health Assistance.
In February 2021, Fauci insisted that passing a nearly $2 trillion COVID-19 stimulus package that gave hundreds of millions of dollars to pro-abortion activities and gave Planned Parenthood access to “small business” grants was necessary for schools to reopen safely.
Fauci’s ‘moral compass is on par with Dr. Josef Mengele’
Considering the fact that Fauci “oversaw an agency that took the scalps of murdered children and grafted them onto mice,” Fauci’s “moral compass is on par with Dr. Josef Mengele,” commented Michael Hichborn, President of the Lepanto Institute.
Mimicking the approach of Planned Parenthood founder Margaret Sanger, ‘Fauci now wants to use Catholic priests to convince faithful Catholics to take an unproven shot that has over 30,000 reported deaths and over 100,000 serious adverse reactions attached to it,’ the Lepanto Institute’s Michael Hichborn warned.
“For the last eight years, Faithful Catholics have watched in horror as the Vatican lauded abortionists, gave a platform to population control enthusiasts, perverted Catholic teaching, edited our Blessed Lord, and even enthroned a pagan idol, so Anthony Fauci’s presence at this conference is, sadly, not a surprise,” Hichborn told LifeSiteNews. “Fauci’s policies led to the shut down of ALL public Masses throughout the United States during the holiest time of the year, so asking him to give his ‘guidance’ to Catholic clergy is a sign that the Vatican has lost all sense of supernatural faith.”
Hichborn noted that if Fauci had “scoffed at the notion of global climate change, or took a strong stand against socialism, or if he loved the Traditional Latin Mass, he’d be considered a pariah in Vatican circles. The Vatican is completely upside down, like the Simonists in Dante’s eighth circle of Hell.”
Hichborn recalled that sinister figures have in the past called on pastors and ministers to help promote intrinsic evils.
“In 1939, Margaret Sanger wrote to Dr. Clarence Gamble suggesting that they convince ‘negro doctors’ and ‘negro ministers’ to promote contraception among the black population. Mimicking Sanger’s approach, Fauci now wants to use Catholic priests to convince faithful Catholics to take an unproven shot that has over 30,000 reported deaths and over 100,000 serious adverse reactions attached to it. Faithful Catholics have every right to reject the shot and should tell Fauci and his lackeys to go pound sand!”
Only one of many presentations to promote COVID-19 vaccines
The CNN reporter’s pre-recorded interview with Fauci was released by the organizers of the Fifth International Vatican Conference “Exploring the Mind, Body & Soul” on Thursday, May 6, 2021. It was the first conversation to open the three days of presentations, following only the opening remarks of the Cura Foundation’s president Dr. Robin L. Smith and an address by Cardinal Gianfranco Ravasi, the Prefect of the Pontifical Council for Culture, the two co-hosts of the health conference. In keeping with the international, primarily English-speaking, focus on the United States, Cardinal Ravasi cited American poet Walt Whitman alongside Socrates and the Bible.
Gupta’s interview of Fauci was only one of many pre-recorded presentations that focused on the COVID-19 pandemic and promoted the experimental COVID-19 vaccines. In one conversation, former First Daughter Chelsea Clinton, now Vice-President of the Clinton Foundation, advocated global regulation of social media to censor critics of the coronavirus vaccines. Several CEOs of pharmaceutical and biotech companies, including Albert Bourla of Pfizer and Dr. Stéphane Bancel, discussed the COVID-19 vaccines. The Vatican announced also that Bancel had been given a Pontifical Hero Award “for Inspiration for leadership and steadfast dedication to protecting all of humanity.”
The Vatican-hosted conference counted many pharmaceutical and biotech companies among its donors. These included Sanford Health, Celularity, Akkad Holdings, the John Templeton Foundation, the Helmsley Charitable Trust, Sorrento Therapeutics, Aspire Capital, Hackensack Meridian Health, University of California San Diego T. Denny Sanford Institute for Empathy and Compassion, United Therapeutics, Alliance Global Partners, Moderna, the Guthy-Jackson Foundation, AARP, the Eliza and Hugh Culverhouse Family Foundation, Lawrence Krimker, John and Mary Pappajohn, the Produce Marketing Association, Tivity Health, the Breton Family Fund, CRISPR Therapeutics, the Gary & Mary West Foundation, Health eVillages, Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield of New Jersey, JDRF, First Quality, Piper Sandler, Sternaegis Ventures, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Cryoport, Dr. Randall Prust, the Susan Scott Foundation, Amicus Therapeutics, Arlean and Martin Bednar, Healthscape Advisors, Malek's Pizza Palace, Selective Benefits Group, the Sovereign Order of Malta, and patrons who wished to remain anonymous.
The choice of presenters, some of whom, like Chelsea Clinton, are known supporters of abortion and the LGBT cause, was controversial among Catholics like Archbishop Carlo Maria Viganò. The former papal nuncio to the United States stated that the Fifth Vatican Conference °was the umpteenth scandalous confirmation of a disturbing departure of the current Hierarchy, and in particular its highest Roman members, from Catholic orthodoxy.”
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There is no such thing as a public health expert
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May 10th - Sts. Antoninus, Gordian, and Epimachus |
Posted by: Stone - 05-10-2021, 12:27 PM - Forum: May
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May 10 – St Antoninus, Bishop and Confessor
The Order of St. Dominic, which has already presented to our Triumphant Jesus Peter the Martyr and Catharine the seraph of Sienna, sends him today one of the many Bishops trained and formed in its admirable school. It was in the 15th Century—a period when sanctity was rare on the earth—that Antoninus realized, in his own person, the virtues of the greatest Bishops of ancient times. His apostolic zeal, his deeds of charity, his mortified life, are the glory of the Church of Florence, which has confided to his care. Heaven blessed that illustrious City with temporal prosperity on account of its saintly Archbishop. Cosmas of Medici was frequently heard to say that Florence owed more to Antoninus than to any other man. The holy prelate was also celebrated for his great learning. He defended the Papacy against the calumnies of certain seditious Bishops in the Council of Basle: and at the General Council of Florence, he eloquently asserted the truth of the Catholic Faith, which was assailed by the abettors of the Greek Schism. How beautiful is our holy Mother the Church, that produces such children as Antoninus, and has them in readiness to uphold what is true and withstand what is false!
She thus speaks the praises of today’s Saint:—
Quote:Antoninus was born at Florence of respectable parents. He gave great promise, even when quite a child, of his after sanctity. Having at the age of sixteen, entered the Religious Order of Friars Preachers, he at once became an object of admiration, by the practice of the highest virtues. He declared ceaseless war against idleness. After taking a short sleep at night, he was the first at the Office of Matins; which over, he spent the remainder of the night in prayer, or reading, or writing. If at times, he felt himself oppressed with unwelcome sleep, owing to fatigue, he would lean his head, for a while, against the wall, and then, shaking off the drowsiness, he resumed his holy vigils with renewed earnestness.
Being a most rigid observer of Religious discipline, he never ate flesh-meat, save in the case of severe illness. His bed was the ground, or a naked board. He always wore a hair shirt, and sometimes an iron girdle next to his skin. He observed the strictest chastity during his whole life. Such was his prudence in giving counsel, that he went under the name of Antoninus the Counsellor. He so excelled in humility, that, even when Prior and Provincial, he used to fulfill, with the utmost self-abjection, the lowest duties of the Monastery. He was made Archbishop of Florence by Pope Eugenius the Fourth. Great was his reluctance to accept such a dignity; nor would he have consented, had it not been out of fear of incurring the spiritual penalties wherewith he was threatened by the Pope.
It would be difficult to describe the prudence, piety, charity, meekness and apostolic zeal, wherewith he discharged his episcopal office. He learned almost all the sciences to perfection, and, what is surprising, he accomplished this by his own extraordinary talent, without having any master to teach him. Finally, after many labors, and after having published several learned books, he fell sick. Having received the Holy Eucharist and Extreme Unction, embracing the Crucifix, he joyfully welcomed death, on the sixth of the Nones of May (May 10th), in the year 1459. He was illustrious for the miracles which he wrought during his life, as also for those which followed after his death. He was canonized by Adrian the Sixth, in the year of our Lord 1523.
We give thanks to our Risen Jesus for the sublime gifts bestowed by him on thee, O Antoninus! When he confided a portion of his Flock to thy care, he enriched thee with the qualities of a Shepherd according to his own heart. He knew that he could trust to thy love; he therefore gave thee charge over his Lambs. The age in which thou livedst, was one of great disorder, and one that prepared the way for the scandals of the following Century; and yet thou wast one of the brightest lights the Church has ever had. Florence still cherishes thy memory, as the man of God and the father of thy country; aid her by thy prayers. The preachers of heresy have entered within her walls; watch over the field whereon thine own hands sowed the good seed; let not the cockle take root there. Thou wast the defender of the Holy See; raise up in unhappy Italy, imitators of thy zeal and learning. Thou hadst the happiness of witnessing, under the grand cupola of thy Cathedral, the reunion of the Greek Church with Rome; thou hadst a share in bringing about this solemn reconciliation, which, alas! was to be of short duration. Pray, O holy Pontiff, for the descendants of them that were faithless to the promise sealed on the very Altar, whereon thy hands so often offered up the Sacrifice of unity and peace.
Disciple of the great Dominic, inheritor of his burning zeal—protect the holy order which he founded, and of which thou art so bright an ornament. Show that thou still lovest it. Give it increase, and procure for its children the holiness that once worked such loveliness and fruit in the Church. Holy Pontiff, be mindful of the Faithful, who implore thine intercession at this period of the Year.
Thy eloquent lips announced the Pasch, so many years, to the people of Florence, and urged them to share in the Resurrection of our Divine Head. The same Pasch, the immortal Pasch, has shone once more upon us. We are still celebrating it; oh! pray that its fruits may be lasting in us, and that our Risen Jesus, who has given us Life, may, by his grace, preserve it in our souls for all eternity.
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France loses a religious building every two weeks |
Posted by: Stone - 05-10-2021, 07:47 AM - Forum: Anti-Catholic Violence
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France loses a religious building every two weeks
The damaged roof of Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris is pictured in April 2019.
Arson, demolition are among reasons for lost churches
One religious building is disappearing in France every two weeks.
That is the conclusion of Edouard de Lamaze, president of the Observatoire du patrimoine religieux (Observatory of Religious Heritage) in Paris.
He is raising the alarm in the French media about the gradual disappearance of religious edifices in a country known as the “eldest daughter of the Church” because the Frankish King Clovis I embraced Catholicism in 496.
“THESE BUILDINGS HAVE NOT BEEN MAINTAINED FOR OVER A CENTURY…IT IS ENOUGH TO MAKE YOU CRY” - EDOUARD DE LAMAZE
Lamaze’s appeal for increased awareness came after a fire destroyed the 16th-century Church of Saint-Pierre in Romilly-la-Puthenaye, Normandy, northern France. The fire, deemed accidental, took place on April 15, exactly two years after the blaze that devastated Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris.
The unforgettable image of the burning cathedral, which circled the planet in 2019, pointed to a deeper issue within French society: serious shortcomings in the preservation system of religious monuments, coupled with increasing hostility toward religion.
Lamaze told Catholic News Agency in an interview that in addition to one religious building disappearing every two weeks, by demolition, transformation, destruction by fire, or collapse, two-thirds of fires in religious buildings are due to arson.
Notre Dame Cathedral is seen at night in Paris in 2016. A major blaze engulfed the iconic cathedral on 15 April 2019
sending pillars of flame and billowing smoke over the centre of the French capital. PHOTO: CNS/Charles Platiau, Reuters
While these statistics include buildings belonging to all religious groups, most of them concern Catholic monuments, which still represent a large majority in France, where there are roughly 45,000 Catholic places of worship.
“Although Catholic monuments are still ahead, one mosque is erected every 15 days in France, while one Christian building is destroyed at the same pace,” Lamaze said. “It creates a tipping point on the territory that should be taken into account.”
Lamaze believes that on average more than two Christian monuments are targeted every day. Two-thirds of these incidents concern theft, while the remaining third involve desecration. According to the most recent figures from France’s central criminal intelligence unit, 877 attacks on Catholic places of worship were recorded across the country in 2018 alone.
“These figures have increased fivefold in only 10 years,” Lamaze said, noting that 129 churches were vandalised in 2008.
Thousands more historic Catholic buildings at risk
“At the beginning of the 1970s, writer and journalist Michel de Saint Pierre published a book entitled églises en ruine, Eglise en péril [“Churches in ruin, endangered Church”], in which he already sounded the alarm. But the situation has heightened tenfold, or even hundredfold, since then.”
Currently, 5,000 Catholic buildings are potentially in danger of disappearing. Apart from the growing hostility to which they are subject, these religious sites are also suffering from deep negligence on the part of public authorities.
This state of affairs is partly explained by the fact that, by virtue of the 1905 law on the Separation of the Churches and the State, municipalities became the owners of France’s religious buildings. In many cases, they have been unable to meet the costs of maintaining the sites.
“These buildings have not been maintained for over a century, and they have never been subject to restoration work or protection measures against theft or fire,” Lamaze said.
He explained that only 15,000 Catholic sites are officially protected as historical monuments, while the other 30,000 buildings are practically left to decay. Lamaze argues that another significant and emblematic example of the mismanagement of this heritage is Saint-Ouen Abbey, a jewel of Gothic architecture belonging to the city of Rouen in Normandy.
“This abbey church is endowed with a ‘forêt’ [the church’s distinctive style of roofing] that is even bigger than that of Notre-Dame. It is a pure marvel and yet there is no alarm system of any kind.”
“THE SITUATION IS EXTREMELY SERIOUS AND, ALAS, I DON’T SEE ANY REAL AWARENESS GROWING”
“It is another candidate for destruction. It is enough to make you cry!” He continued: “Fires are also sharply increasing because buildings are more and more dilapidated, and this negligence also attracts a lot of thefts of paintings, statues, or gold chalices…”
Although French cathedrals benefit from a special status and are owned by the state, they have not been spared in the wave of fires that have hit Catholic sites in recent years. The blaze at Notre-Dame de Paris in 2019 was preceded by a fire at the Cathedral Saint-Alain of Lavaur in Tarn, southern France, and followed by fires at the cathedrals of Rennes and Nantes in 2020.
“The current minister of culture is seeking to establish a protection charter, but the situation is extremely serious and, alas, I don’t see any real awareness growing, nor any sense of responsibility in the face of this crucial challenge for our national heritage,” Lamaze said.
[Emphasis mine.]
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Litany of the Saints |
Posted by: Stone - 05-10-2021, 07:31 AM - Forum: Litanies
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The Litany of the Saints is one of the most efficacious of prayers.
The Church makes use of it on all solemn occasions, as a means for rendering God propitious through the intercession of the whole court of heaven.
Ant. Exsurge, Domine, adjuva nos: et libera nos, propter gloriam nominis tui, alleluia.
Ant. Arise, O Lord, help us, and deliver us, for the glory of thy Name, alleluia.
Ps. Deus, auribus nostris audivimus: Patres nostri annuntiaverunt nobis. ℣. Gloria Patri. Exsurge.
Ps. We have heard, O God, with our ears: our Fathers have told it unto us. ℣. Glory, &c. Arise, &c.
Kyrie, eleison.
Lord, have mercy on us.
Christe, eleison.
Christ, have mercy on us.
Kyrie, eleison.
Lord, have mercy on us.
Christe, audi nos.
Christ, hear us.
Christe, exaudi nos.
Christ, graciously hear us.
Pater de cælis Deus, miserere nobis.
God, the Father of heaven, have mercy on us.
Fili Redemptor mundi Deus,
God, the Son, the Redeemer of the world,
Spiritus Sancte Deus,
God, the Holy Spirit,
Sancta Trinitas, unus Deus,
Holy Trinity, one God,
Sancta Maria, ora pro nobis.
Holy Mary, pray for us.
Sancta Dei Genetrix,
Holy Mother of God,
Sancta Virgo virginum,
Holy Virgin of virgins,
Sancte Michæl,
Saint Michael,
Sancte Gabriel,
Saint Gabriel,
Sancte Raphæl,
Saint Raphael,
Omnes sancti Angeli et Archangeli,
All ye holy Angels and Archangels,
Omnes sancti beatorum Spirituum ordines,
All ye holy orders of blessed Spirits,
Sancte Ioannes Baptista,
Saint John the Baptist,
Sancte Ioseph,
Saint Joseph,
Omnes sancti Patriarchæ et Prophetæ,
All ye holy Patriarchs and Prophets,
Sancte Petre,
Saint Peter,
Sancte Paule,
Saint Paul,
Sancte Andrea,
Saint Andrew,
Sancte Iacobe,
Saint James,
Sancte Ioannes,
Saint John,
Sancte Thoma,
Saint Thomas,
Sancte Iacobe,
Saint James,
Sancte Philippe,
Saint Phillip,
Sancte Bartolomæe,
Saint Bartholomew,
Sancte Matthæe,
Saint Matthew,
Sancte Simon,
Saint Simon,
Sancte Thaddæe,
Saint Thaddeus,
Sancte Matthia,
Saint Matthias,
Sancte Barnaba,
Saint Barnabas,
Sancte Luca,
Saint Luke,
Sancte Marce,
Saint Mark,
Omnes sancti Apostoli et Evangelistæ,
All ye holy Apostles and Evangelists,
Omnes sancti discipuli Domini,
All ye holy Disciples of the Lord,
Omnes sancti Innocentes,
All ye holy Innocents,
Sancte Stephane,
Saint Stephen,
Sancte Laurenti,
Saint Lawrence,
Sancte Vincenti,
Saint Vincent,
Sancti Fabiane et Sebastiane,
Saints Fabian and Sebastian,
Sancti Ioannes et Paule,
Saints John and Paul,
Sancti Cosma et Damiane,
Saints Cosmas and Damian,
Sancti Gervasi et Protasi,
Saints Gervase and Protase,
Omnes sancti martyres,
All ye holy Martyrs,
Sancte Sylvester,
Saint Sylvester,
Sancte Gregori,
Saint Gregory,
Sancte Ambrosi,
Saint Ambrose,
Sancte Augustine,
Saint Augustine,
Sancte Hieronyme,
Saint Jerome,
Sancte Martine,
Saint Martin,
Sancte Nicolæ,
Saint Nicholas,
Omnes sancti Pontifices et Confessores,
All ye holy Popes and Cofessors,
Omnes sancti Doctores,
All ye Holy Doctors,
Sancte Antoni,
Saint Anthony,
Sancte Benedicte,
Saint Benedict,
Sancte Bernarde,
Saint Bernard,
Sancte Dominice,
Saint Dominic,
Sancte Francisce,
Saint Francis,
Omnes sancti Sacerdotes et Levitæ,
All ye holy Priests and Levites,
Omnes sancti Monachi et Eremitæ,
All ye holy Monks and Hermits,
Sancta Anna,
Saint Ann,
Sancta Maria Magdalena,
Saint Mary Magdalen,
Sancta Agatha,
Saint Agatha,
Sancta Lucia,
Saint Lucy,
Sancta Agnes,
Saint Agnes,
Sancta Cæcilia,
Saint Cecilia,
Sancta Catharina,
Saint Catherine,
Sancta Anastasia,
Saint Anastasia,
Omnes sanctæ Virgines et Viduæ,
All ye holy Virgins and Widows,
Omnes Sancti et Sanctæ Dei, intercedite pro nobis.
All ye holy men and women, Saints of God, intercede for us.
Propitius esto, parce nobis, Domine.
Be merciful, spare us, O Lord.
Propitius esto, exaudi nos, Domine.
Be merciful, graciously hear us, O Lord.
Ab omni malo, libera nos, Domine.
From all evil, deliver us, O Lord.
Ab omni peccato,
From all sin,
Ab ira tua,
From Thy wrath,
A subitanea et improvisa morte,
From sudden and unprovided death,
Ab insidiis diaboli,
From the snares of the devil,
Ab ira et odio et omni mala voluntate,
From anger, hatred, and all ill-will,
A spiritu fornicationis,
From the spirit of fornication,
A fulgure et tempestate,
From lightning and tempest,
A flagello terræmotus,
From the scourge of earthquake,
A peste, fame et bello,
From plague, famine and war,
A morte perpetua,
From everlasting death,
Per mysterium sanctæ Incarnationis tuæ,
Through the mystery of Thy holy Incarnation,
Per adventum tuum,
Through Thy coming,
Per nativitatem tuam,
Through Thy nativity,
Per baptismum et sanctum ieiunium tuum,
Through Thy Baptism and holy fasting,
Per crucem et passionem tuam,
Through Thy Cross and Passion,
Per mortem et sepulturam tuam,
Through Thy Death and Burial,
Per sanctam resurrectionem tuam,
Through Thy Holy Resurrection,
Per admirabilem ascensionem tuam,
Through Thy wondrous Ascension,
Per adventum Spiritus Sancti Paracliti,
Through the coming of the Holy Spirit, the Paraclete,
In die iudicii,
In the day of judgment,
Peccatores, te rogamus, audi nos.
We sinners, we beseech Thee, hear us.
Ut nobis parcas,
That Thou wouldst spare us,
Ut nobis indulgeas,
That Thou wouldst pardon us,
Ut ad veram pænitentiam nos perducere digneris,
That Thou wouldst bring us to true repentance,
Ut Ecclesiam tuam sanctam regere et conservare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to govern and preserve Thy Holy Church,
Ut domum Apostolicum et omnes ecclesiasticos ordines in sancta religione conservare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to preserve the Bishop of the Apostolic See, and all orders of the Church in holy religion,
Ut inimicos sanctæ Ecclesiæ humiliare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to humble the enemies of Holy Church,
Ut regibus et principibus christianis pacem et veram concordiam donare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to grant peace and true concord to Christian kings and princes,
Ut cuncto populo christiano pacem et unitatem largiri digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to grant peace and unity to all Christian people,
Ut omnes errantes ad unitatem Ecclesiæ revocare, et infideles universos ad Evangelii lumen perducere digneris,
That Thou wouldst restore to the unity of the Church all who have strayed from the truth, and lead all unbelievers into the light of the Gospel,
Ut nosmetipsos in tuo sancto servitio confortare et conservare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to confirm and preserve us in Thy holy service,
Ut mentes nostras ad cælestia desideria erigas,
That Thou wouldst lift up our minds to heavenly desires,
Ut omnibus benefactoribus nostris sempiterna bona retribuas,
That Thou wouldst render eternal blessing to all our benefactors,
Ut animas nostras, fratrum, propinquorum et benefactorum nostrorum ab æterna damnatione eripias,
That Thou wouldst deliver our souls, and the souls of our brethren, relations, and benefactors from eternal damnation,
Ut fructus terræ dare et conservare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to give and preserve the fruits of the earth,
Ut omnibus fidelibus defunctis requiem æternam donare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to grant eternal rest to all the faithful departed,
Ut nos exaudire digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe graciously to hear us,
Fili Dei, te rogamus, audi nos.
Son of God, we beseech Thee, hear us.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, parce nobis, Domine.
Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, spare us, O Lord.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, exaudi nos, Domine.
Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, graciously hear us, O Lord.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis.
Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, have mercy on us.
Christe, audi nos.
Christ, hear us.
Christe, exaudi nos.
Christ, graciously hear us.
Kyrie, eleison.
Lord, have mercy on us.
Christe, eleison.
Christ, have mercy on us.
Kyrie, eleison.
Lord, have mercy on us.
Pater noster … (In secret.)
Our Father … (In secret.)
℣. Et ne nos inducas in tentationem.
℟. Sed libera nos a malo.
℣. And lead us not into temptation.
℟. but deliver us from evil.
Psalm 69
Deus, in adiutorium meum intende: * Domine, ad adiuvandum me festina.
O God, come to my assistance: * O Lord, make haste to help me.
Confundantur, et revereantur * qui quærunt animam meam.
Let them be ashamed and confounded, that seek after my soul.
Avertantur retrorsum, et erubescant, * qui volunt mihi mala.
Let them be turned backward and put to confusion, that desire my hurt.
Avertantur statim erubescentes, * qui dicunt mihi: Euge, euge.
Let them be turned back with shame, that say unto me, ’Tis well, ’Tis well.
Exultent et lætentur in te, omnes qui quærunt te, * et dicant semper: Magnificetur Dominus: qui diligunt salutare tuum.
But let all those who seek Thee be joyful and glad in Thee, and let such as love Thy salvation say continually: Let the Lord be magnified.
Ego vero egenus et pauper sum: * Deus adiuva me.
But I am poor and needy: help me, O God.
Adiutor meus et liberator meus es tu: * Domine, ne moreris.
Thou art my helper and deliverer, O Lord, do not delay.
Gloria Patri, et Filio, * et Spiritui Sancto.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost.
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper: * et in sæcula sæculorum, Amen.
As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
℣. Salvos fac servos tuos.
℟. Deus meus, sperantes in te.
℣. Save Thy servants.
℟. Trusting in thee, O my God.
℣. Esto nobis, Domine, turris fortitudinis.
℟. A facie inimici.
℣. Be unto us, O Lord, a tower of strength.
℟. In the face of the enemy.
℣. Nihil proficiat inimicus in nobis.
℟. Et filius iniquitatis non apponat nocere nobis.
℣. Let not the enemy prevail against us.
℟. Nor the son of iniquity have power to harm us.
℣. Domine, non secundum peccata nostra facias nobis.
℟. Neque secundum iniquitates nostras retribuas nobis.
℣. O Lord, deal not with us according to our sins.
℟. Neither requite us according to our iniquities.
℣. Oremus pro Pontifice nostro N.
℟. Dominus conservet eum, et vivificet eum, et beatum faciat eum in terra, et non tradat eum in animam inimicorum eius.
℣. Let us pray for our Sovereign Pontiff N.
℟. The Lord preserve him and give him life, and make him blessed upon the earth, and deliver him not up to the will of his enemies.
℣. Oremus pro benefactoribus nostris.
℟. Retribuere dignare, Domine, omnibus nobis bona facientibus propter nomen tuum, vitam æternam. Amen.
℣. Let us pray for our benefactors.
℟. Vouchsafe, O Lord, for Thy Name’s sake, to reward with eternal life all those who do us good. Amen.
℣. Oremus pro fidelibus defunctis.
℟. Requiem æternam dona eis, Domine, et lux perpetua luceat eis.
℣. Let us pray for the faithful departed.
℟. Eternal rest grant unto them, O Lord, and let perpetual light shine upon them.
℣. Requiescant in pace.
℟. Amen.
℣. May they rest in peace.
℟. Amen.
℣. Pro fratribus nostris absentibus.
℟. Salvos fac servos tuos, Deus meus, sperantes in te.
℣. For our absent brethren.
℟. Save Thy servants who hope in Thee, O my God.
℣. Mitte eis, Domine, auxilium de sancto.
℟. Et de Sion tuere eos.
℣. Send them help, O Lord, from Thy holy place.
℟. And from Sion protect them.
℣. Domine, exaudi orationem meam.
℟. Et clamor meus ad te veniat.
℣. O Lord, hear my prayer.
℟. And let my cry come unto Thee.
℣. Dominus vobiscum.
℟. Et cum spiritu tuo.
℣. The Lord be with you.
℟. And with thy spirit.
Oremus.
Let us pray.
Deus, cui proprium est misereri semper et parcere: suscipe deprecationem nostram; ut nos, et omnes famulos tuos, quos delictorum catena constringit, miseratio tuæ pietatis clementer absolvat.
O God, Whose property is always to have mercy and to spare, receive our petition; that we and all Thy servants who are bound by the chain of sin may, by the compassion of Thy goodness mercifully be absolved.
Exaudi, quæsumus, Domine, supplicum preces, et confitentium tibi parce peccatis: ut pariter nobis indulgentiam tribuas benignus et pacem.
Graciously hear, we beseech Thee, O Lord, the prayers of Thy supplicants and pardon the sins of those who confess to Thee: that in Thy bounty Thou mayest grant us both pardon and peace.
Ineffabilem nobis, Domine, misericordiam tuam clementer ostende: ut simul nos et a peccatis omnibus exuas, et a pœnis quas pro his meremur, eripias. In Thy clemency, O Lord, show unto us Thine ineffabile mercy; that Thou mayest both free us from sins and deliver us from the punishments which we deserve for them.
Deus, qui culpa offenderis, pænitentia placaris: preces populi tui supplicantis propitius respice; et flagella tuæ iracundiæ, quæ pro peccatis nostris meremur, averte.
O God, who by sin art offended, and by penance appeased, mercifully regard the prayers of Thy people making supplication to Thee; and turn away the scourges of Thy wrath which we deserve for our sins.
Omnipotens sempiterne Deus, miserere famulo tuo Pontifici nostro N., et dirige eum secundum tuam clementiam in viam salutis æternæ: ut, te donante, tibi placita cupiat, et tota virtute perficiat.
Almighty and everlasting God, have mercy upon Thy servant, N, our Sovereign Pontiff: and direct him according to Thy clemency into the way of everlasting salvation: that, by Thy grace, he may desire those things which are pleasing to Thee, and accomplish them with all his strength.
Deus, a quo sancta desideria, recta consilia, et iusta sunt opera: da servis tuis illam, quam mundus dare non potest, pacem; ut et corda nostra mandatis tuis dedita, et, hostium sublata formidine, tempora sint tua protectione tranquilla.
O God, from Whom are holy desires, right counsels, and just works: grant to Thy servants the peace which the world cannot give; that our hearts may be devoted to the keeping of Thy commandments, and the fear of enemies being removed, the times, by Thy protection, may be peaceful.
Ure igne Sancti Spiritus renes nostros et cor nostrum, Domine: ut tibi casto corpore serviamus, et mundo corde placeamus.
Inflame, O Lord, our reins and hearts with the fire of the Holy Ghost: that we may serve Thee with a chaste body and please Thee with a clean heart.
Fidelium, Deus omnium Conditor et Redemptor, animabus famulorum famularumque tuarum remissionem cunctorum tribue peccatorum: ut indulgentiam, quam semper optaverunt, piis supplicationibus consequantur.
O God, the Creator and redeemer of all the faithful, give to the souls of Thy servants departed the remission of all their sins: that through pious supplications they may obtain the pardon they have always desired.
Actiones nostras, quæsumus, Domine, aspirando præveni et adiuvando prosequere: ut cuncta oratio et operatio a te semper incipiat et per te cœpta finiatur.
Direct, we beseech Thee, O Lord, our actions by Thy holy inspirations and carry them on by Thy gracious assistance: that every prayer and work of ours may begin always from Thee, and through Thee be happily ended.
Omnipotens sempiterne Deus, qui vivorum dominaris simul et mortuorum, omniumque misereris, quos tuos fide et opere futuros esse prænoscis: te supplices exoramus; ut pro quibus effundere preces decrevimus, quosque vel præsens sæculum adhuc in carne retinet vel futurum iam exutos corpore suscepit, intercedentibus omnibus Sanctis tuis, pietatis tuæ clementia, omnium delictorum suorum veniam consequantur. Per Dominum nostrum Iesum Christum.
Almighty and everlasting God, who hast dominion over the living and the dead, and art merciful to all, of whom Thou foreknowest that they will be Thine by faith and good works: we humbly beseech Thee; that they for whom we intend to pour forth our prayers, whether this present world still detain them in the flesh, or the world to come hath already received them out of their bodies, may, through the intercession of all Thy Saints, by the clemency of Thy goodness, obtain the remission of all their sins. Through Christ our Lord.
℣. Dominus vobiscum.
℟. Et cum spiritu tuo.
℣. The Lord be with you.
℟. And with Thy spirit.
℣. Exaudiat nos omnipotens et misericors Dominus.
℟. Amen.
℣. May the almighty and most merciful Lord graciously hear us.
℟. Amen.
℣. Et fidelium animæ per misericordiam Dei requiescant in pace.
℟. Amen.
℣. And may the souls of the faithful departed, through the mercy of God, rest in peace.
℟. Amen.
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Sixth Week after Easter [Rogation Days and Feast of the Ascension included] |
Posted by: Stone - 05-10-2021, 07:23 AM - Forum: Easter
- Replies (7)
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Rogation Days – Monday
It seems strange that there should be anything like mourning during Paschal Time: and yet these three days are days of penance. A moment’s reflection, however, will show us that the institution of the Rogation Days is a most appropriate one. True, our Savior told us, before his Passion, that the children of the Bridegroom should not fast whilst the Bridegroom is with them: but is not sadness in keeping with these the last hours of Jesus’ presence on earth? Were not his Mother and Disciples oppressed with grief at the thought of their having so soon to lose Him, whose company had been to them a foretaste of heaven?
Let us see how the Liturgical Year came to have inserted in its Calendar these three days, during which Holy Church, though radiant with the joy of Easter, seems to go back to her Lenten observances. The Holy Ghost, who guides her in all things, willed that this completion of her Paschal Liturgy should owe its origin to a devotion peculiar to one of the most illustrious and venerable Churches of southern Gaul: it was the Church of Vienne.
The second half of the 5th century had but just commenced, when the country round Vienne, which had been recently conquered by the Burgundians, was visited with calamities of every kind. The people were struck with fear at these indications of God’s anger. St. Mamertus, who, at the time, was Bishop of Vienne, prescribed three days’ public expiation, during which the Faithful were to devote themselves to penance, and walk in procession chanting appropriate Psalms. The three days preceeding the Ascension were the ones chosen. Unknown to himself, the holy Bishop was thus instituting a practice, which was afterwards to form part of the Liturgy of the universal Church.
The Churches of Gaul, as might naturally be expected, were the first to adopt the devotion. St. Alcimus Avitus, who was one of the earliest successors of St. Mamertus in the See of Vienne, informs us that the custom of keeping the Rogation Days was, at that time, firmly established in his Diocese. St. Cæsarius of Arles, who lived in the early part of the 6th century, speaks of their being observed in countries afar off; by which he meant, at the very least, to designate all that portion of Gaul which was under the Visigoths. That the whole of Gaul soon adopted the custom, is evident from the Canons drawn up at the first Council of Orleans, held in 511, and which represented all the Provinces that were in allegiance to Clovis. The regulations, made by the Council regarding the Rogations, give us a great idea of the importance attached to their observance. Not only abstinence from flesh-meat, but even fasting, is made of obligation. Masters are also required to dispense their servants from work, in order that they may assist at the long functions which fill up almost the whole of these three days. In 567, the Council of Tours, likewise, imposed the precept of fasting during the Rogation Days, and as to the obligation of resting from servile work, we find it recognised in the Capitularia of Charlemagne and Charles the Bald.
The main part of the Rogation rite originally consisted (at least in Gaul), in singing canticles of supplication whilst passing from place to place,—and hence the word Procession. We learn from St. Cæsarius of Arles, that each day’s Procession lasted six hours; and that when the Clergy became tired, the women took up the chanting. The Faithful of those days had not made the discovery, which was reserved for modern times, that one requisite for religious Processions is that they be as short as possible.
The Procession for the Rogation Days was preceded by the Faithful receiving the Ashes upon their heads, as now at the beginning of Lent; they were then sprinkled with Holy Water, and the Procession began. It was made up of the Clergy and people of several of the smaller parishes, who were headed by the Cross of the principal Church, which conducted the whole ceremony. All walked bare-foot, singing the Litany, Psalms and Antiphons. They entered the Churches that lay on their route, and sang an Antiphon or Responsory appropriate to each.
Such was the original ceremony of the Rogation Days, and it was thus observed for a very long period. The Monk of St. Gaul’s, who has left us so many interesting details regarding the life of Charlemagne, tells us that this holy Emperor used to join the Processions of these three Days, and walk bare-footed from his palace to the Stational Church. We find St. Elizabeth of Hungary, in the 14th century, setting the like example: during the Rogation Days, she used to mingle with the poorest women of the place, and walked bare-footed, wearing a dress of coarse stuff. St. Charles Borromeo, who restored in his Diocese of Milan so many ancient practices of piety, was sure not to be indifferent about the Rogation Days. He spared neither word nor example to reanimate this salutary devotion among his people. He ordered fasting to be observed during these three Days; he fasted himself on bread and water. The Procession, in which all the Clergy of the City were obliged to join, and which began after the sprinkling of Ashes, started from the Cathedral at an early hour in the morning, and was not over till three or four o’clock in the afternoon. Thirteen Churches were visited on the Monday; nine, on the Tuesday; and eleven, on the Wednesday. The saintly Archbishop celebrated Mass and preached in one of these Churches.
If we compare the indifference shown by the Catholics of the present age, for the Rogation Days, with the devotion wherewith our ancestors kept them, we cannot but acknowledge that there is a great falling off in faith and piety. Knowing, as we do, the importance attached to these Processions by the Church, we cannot help wondering how it is that there are so few among the Faithful who assist at them. Our surprise increased when we find persons preferring their own private devotions to these public Prayers of the Church, which to say nothing of the result of good example, merit far greater graces than any exercises of our own fancying.
The whole Western Church soon adopted the Rogation Days. They were introduced into England at an early period; so, likewise, into Spain, and Germany. Rome herself sanctioned them by her own observing them; this she did in the 8th century, during the Pontificate of St. Leo the Third. She gave them the name of the Lesser Litanies, in contradistinction to the Procession of the 25th of April, which she calls the Greater Litanies. With regard to the Fast which the Churches of Gaul observed during the Rogation Days, Rome did not adopt that part of the institution. Fasting seemed to her to throw a gloom over the joyous forty days, which our Risen Jesus grants to his Disciples; she therefore enjoined only abstinence from flesh-meat during the Rogation Days. The Church of Milan, which, as we have just seen, so strictly observes the Rogations, keeps them on the Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday after the Sunday within the Octave of the Ascension, that is to say, after the forty days devoted to the celebration of the Resurrection.
If, then, we would have a correct idea of the Rogation Days, we must consider them as Rome does,—that is, as a holy institution which, without interrupting our Paschal joy, tempers it. The purple vestments used during the Procession and Mass do not signify that our Jesus has fled from us, but that the time for his departure is approaching. By prescribing Abstinence for these three days, the Church would express how much she will feel the loss of her Spouse, who is so soon to be taken from her.
In England, as in many other countries, abstinence is no longer of obligation for the Rogation Days. This should be an additional motive to induce the Faithful to assist at the Processions and Litanies, and, by their fervently uniting in the prayers of the Church, to make some compensation for the abolition of the law of Abstinence. We need so much penance, and we take so little! If we are truly in earnest, we shall be most fervent in doing the little that is left us to do.
The object of the Rogation Days is to appease the anger of God, and avert the chastisements which the sins of the world so justly deserve; moreover, to draw down the divine blessing on the fruits of the earth. The Litany of the Saints is sung during the Procession, which is followed by a special Mass said in the Stational Church, or, if there be no Station appointed, in the Church whence the Procession first started.
The Litany of the Saints is one of the most efficacious of prayers. The Church makes use of it on all solemn occasions, as a means for rendering God propitious through the intercession of the whole court of heaven. They who are prevented from assisting at the Procession, should recite the Litany in union with holy Church: they will thus share in the graces attached to the Rogation Days; they will be joining in the supplications now being made throughout the entire world; they will be proving themselves to be Catholics.
The Mass of the Rogations, which is the same for all three days, speaks to us, throughout, of the power and necessity of prayer. The Church uses the Lenten colour, to express the expiatory character of the function she is celebrating: but she is evidently full of confidence; she trusts to the love of her Risen Jesus, and that gives her hope of her prayers being granted.
For the convenience of the Faithful we also insert the Litany.
Ant. Exsurge, Domine, adjuva nos: et libera nos, propter gloriam nominis tui, alleluia.
Ant. Arise, O Lord, help us, and deliver us, for the glory of thy Name, alleluia.
Ps. Deus, auribus nostris audivimus: Patres nostri annuntiaverunt nobis. ℣. Gloria Patri. Exsurge.
Ps. We have heard, O God, with our ears: our Fathers have told it unto us. ℣. Glory, &c. Arise, &c.
Kyrie, eleison.
Lord, have mercy on us.
Christe, eleison.
Christ, have mercy on us.
Kyrie, eleison.
Lord, have mercy on us.
Christe, audi nos.
Christ, hear us.
Christe, exaudi nos.
Christ, graciously hear us.
Pater de cælis Deus, miserere nobis.
God, the Father of heaven, have mercy on us.
Fili Redemptor mundi Deus,
God, the Son, the Redeemer of the world,
Spiritus Sancte Deus,
God, the Holy Spirit,
Sancta Trinitas, unus Deus,
Holy Trinity, one God,
Sancta Maria, ora pro nobis.
Holy Mary, pray for us.
Sancta Dei Genetrix,
Holy Mother of God,
Sancta Virgo virginum,
Holy Virgin of virgins,
Sancte Michæl,
Saint Michael,
Sancte Gabriel,
Saint Gabriel,
Sancte Raphæl,
Saint Raphael,
Omnes sancti Angeli et Archangeli,
All ye holy Angels and Archangels,
Omnes sancti beatorum Spirituum ordines,
All ye holy orders of blessed Spirits,
Sancte Ioannes Baptista,
Saint John the Baptist,
Sancte Ioseph,
Saint Joseph,
Omnes sancti Patriarchæ et Prophetæ,
All ye holy Patriarchs and Prophets,
Sancte Petre,
Saint Peter,
Sancte Paule,
Saint Paul,
Sancte Andrea,
Saint Andrew,
Sancte Iacobe,
Saint James,
Sancte Ioannes,
Saint John,
Sancte Thoma,
Saint Thomas,
Sancte Iacobe,
Saint James,
Sancte Philippe,
Saint Phillip,
Sancte Bartolomæe,
Saint Bartholomew,
Sancte Matthæe,
Saint Matthew,
Sancte Simon,
Saint Simon,
Sancte Thaddæe,
Saint Thaddeus,
Sancte Matthia,
Saint Matthias,
Sancte Barnaba,
Saint Barnabas,
Sancte Luca,
Saint Luke,
Sancte Marce,
Saint Mark,
Omnes sancti Apostoli et Evangelistæ,
All ye holy Apostles and Evangelists,
Omnes sancti discipuli Domini,
All ye holy Disciples of the Lord,
Omnes sancti Innocentes,
All ye holy Innocents,
Sancte Stephane,
Saint Stephen,
Sancte Laurenti,
Saint Lawrence,
Sancte Vincenti,
Saint Vincent,
Sancti Fabiane et Sebastiane,
Saints Fabian and Sebastian,
Sancti Ioannes et Paule,
Saints John and Paul,
Sancti Cosma et Damiane,
Saints Cosmas and Damian,
Sancti Gervasi et Protasi,
Saints Gervase and Protase,
Omnes sancti martyres,
All ye holy Martyrs,
Sancte Sylvester,
Saint Sylvester,
Sancte Gregori,
Saint Gregory,
Sancte Ambrosi,
Saint Ambrose,
Sancte Augustine,
Saint Augustine,
Sancte Hieronyme,
Saint Jerome,
Sancte Martine,
Saint Martin,
Sancte Nicolæ,
Saint Nicholas,
Omnes sancti Pontifices et Confessores,
All ye holy Popes and Cofessors,
Omnes sancti Doctores,
All ye Holy Doctors,
Sancte Antoni,
Saint Anthony,
Sancte Benedicte,
Saint Benedict,
Sancte Bernarde,
Saint Bernard,
Sancte Dominice,
Saint Dominic,
Sancte Francisce,
Saint Francis,
Omnes sancti Sacerdotes et Levitæ,
All ye holy Priests and Levites,
Omnes sancti Monachi et Eremitæ,
All ye holy Monks and Hermits,
Sancta Anna,
Saint Ann,
Sancta Maria Magdalena,
Saint Mary Magdalen,
Sancta Agatha,
Saint Agatha,
Sancta Lucia,
Saint Lucy,
Sancta Agnes,
Saint Agnes,
Sancta Cæcilia,
Saint Cecilia,
Sancta Catharina,
Saint Catherine,
Sancta Anastasia,
Saint Anastasia,
Omnes sanctæ Virgines et Viduæ,
All ye holy Virgins and Widows,
Omnes Sancti et Sanctæ Dei, intercedite pro nobis.
All ye holy men and women, Saints of God, intercede for us.
Propitius esto, parce nobis, Domine.
Be merciful, spare us, O Lord.
Propitius esto, exaudi nos, Domine.
Be merciful, graciously hear us, O Lord.
Ab omni malo, libera nos, Domine.
From all evil, deliver us, O Lord.
Ab omni peccato,
From all sin,
Ab ira tua,
From Thy wrath,
A subitanea et improvisa morte,
From sudden and unprovided death,
Ab insidiis diaboli,
From the snares of the devil,
Ab ira et odio et omni mala voluntate,
From anger, hatred, and all ill-will,
A spiritu fornicationis,
From the spirit of fornication,
A fulgure et tempestate,
From lightning and tempest,
A flagello terræmotus,
From the scourge of earthquake,
A peste, fame et bello,
From plague, famine and war,
A morte perpetua,
From everlasting death,
Per mysterium sanctæ Incarnationis tuæ,
Through the mystery of Thy holy Incarnation,
Per adventum tuum,
Through Thy coming,
Per nativitatem tuam,
Through Thy nativity,
Per baptismum et sanctum ieiunium tuum,
Through Thy Baptism and holy fasting,
Per crucem et passionem tuam,
Through Thy Cross and Passion,
Per mortem et sepulturam tuam,
Through Thy Death and Burial,
Per sanctam resurrectionem tuam,
Through Thy Holy Resurrection,
Per admirabilem ascensionem tuam,
Through Thy wondrous Ascension,
Per adventum Spiritus Sancti Paracliti,
Through the coming of the Holy Spirit, the Paraclete,
In die iudicii,
In the day of judgment,
Peccatores, te rogamus, audi nos.
We sinners, we beseech Thee, hear us.
Ut nobis parcas,
That Thou wouldst spare us,
Ut nobis indulgeas,
That Thou wouldst pardon us,
Ut ad veram pænitentiam nos perducere digneris,
That Thou wouldst bring us to true repentance,
Ut Ecclesiam tuam sanctam regere et conservare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to govern and preserve Thy Holy Church,
Ut domum Apostolicum et omnes ecclesiasticos ordines in sancta religione conservare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to preserve the Bishop of the Apostolic See, and all orders of the Church in holy religion,
Ut inimicos sanctæ Ecclesiæ humiliare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to humble the enemies of Holy Church,
Ut regibus et principibus christianis pacem et veram concordiam donare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to grant peace and true concord to Christian kings and princes,
Ut cuncto populo christiano pacem et unitatem largiri digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to grant peace and unity to all Christian people,
Ut omnes errantes ad unitatem Ecclesiæ revocare, et infideles universos ad Evangelii lumen perducere digneris,
That Thou wouldst restore to the unity of the Church all who have strayed from the truth, and lead all unbelievers into the light of the Gospel,
Ut nosmetipsos in tuo sancto servitio confortare et conservare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to confirm and preserve us in Thy holy service,
Ut mentes nostras ad cælestia desideria erigas,
That Thou wouldst lift up our minds to heavenly desires,
Ut omnibus benefactoribus nostris sempiterna bona retribuas,
That Thou wouldst render eternal blessing to all our benefactors,
Ut animas nostras, fratrum, propinquorum et benefactorum nostrorum ab æterna damnatione eripias,
That Thou wouldst deliver our souls, and the souls of our brethren, relations, and benefactors from eternal damnation,
Ut fructus terræ dare et conservare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to give and preserve the fruits of the earth,
Ut omnibus fidelibus defunctis requiem æternam donare digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe to grant eternal rest to all the faithful departed,
Ut nos exaudire digneris,
That Thou wouldst vouchsafe graciously to hear us,
Fili Dei, te rogamus, audi nos.
Son of God, we beseech Thee, hear us.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, parce nobis, Domine.
Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, spare us, O Lord.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, exaudi nos, Domine.
Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, graciously hear us, O Lord.
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis.
Lamb of God, who takest away the sins of the world, have mercy on us.
Christe, audi nos.
Christ, hear us.
Christe, exaudi nos.
Christ, graciously hear us.
Kyrie, eleison.
Lord, have mercy on us.
Christe, eleison.
Christ, have mercy on us.
Kyrie, eleison.
Lord, have mercy on us.
Pater noster … (In secret.)
Our Father … (In secret.)
℣. Et ne nos inducas in tentationem.
℟. Sed libera nos a malo.
℣. And lead us not into temptation.
℟. but deliver us from evil.
Psalm 69
Deus, in adiutorium meum intende: * Domine, ad adiuvandum me festina.
O God, come to my assistance: * O Lord, make haste to help me.
Confundantur, et revereantur * qui quærunt animam meam.
Let them be ashamed and confounded, that seek after my soul.
Avertantur retrorsum, et erubescant, * qui volunt mihi mala.
Let them be turned backward and put to confusion, that desire my hurt.
Avertantur statim erubescentes, * qui dicunt mihi: Euge, euge.
Let them be turned back with shame, that say unto me, ’Tis well, ’Tis well.
Exultent et lætentur in te, omnes qui quærunt te, * et dicant semper: Magnificetur Dominus: qui diligunt salutare tuum.
But let all those who seek Thee be joyful and glad in Thee, and let such as love Thy salvation say continually: Let the Lord be magnified.
Ego vero egenus et pauper sum: * Deus adiuva me.
But I am poor and needy: help me, O God.
Adiutor meus et liberator meus es tu: * Domine, ne moreris.
Thou art my helper and deliverer, O Lord, do not delay.
Gloria Patri, et Filio, * et Spiritui Sancto.
Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Ghost.
Sicut erat in principio, et nunc, et semper: * et in sæcula sæculorum, Amen.
As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen.
℣. Salvos fac servos tuos.
℟. Deus meus, sperantes in te.
℣. Save Thy servants.
℟. Trusting in thee, O my God.
℣. Esto nobis, Domine, turris fortitudinis.
℟. A facie inimici.
℣. Be unto us, O Lord, a tower of strength.
℟. In the face of the enemy.
℣. Nihil proficiat inimicus in nobis.
℟. Et filius iniquitatis non apponat nocere nobis.
℣. Let not the enemy prevail against us.
℟. Nor the son of iniquity have power to harm us.
℣. Domine, non secundum peccata nostra facias nobis.
℟. Neque secundum iniquitates nostras retribuas nobis.
℣. O Lord, deal not with us according to our sins.
℟. Neither requite us according to our iniquities.
℣. Oremus pro Pontifice nostro N.
℟. Dominus conservet eum, et vivificet eum, et beatum faciat eum in terra, et non tradat eum in animam inimicorum eius.
℣. Let us pray for our Sovereign Pontiff N.
℟. The Lord preserve him and give him life, and make him blessed upon the earth, and deliver him not up to the will of his enemies.
℣. Oremus pro benefactoribus nostris.
℟. Retribuere dignare, Domine, omnibus nobis bona facientibus propter nomen tuum, vitam æternam. Amen.
℣. Let us pray for our benefactors.
℟. Vouchsafe, O Lord, for Thy Name’s sake, to reward with eternal life all those who do us good. Amen.
℣. Oremus pro fidelibus defunctis.
℟. Requiem æternam dona eis, Domine, et lux perpetua luceat eis.
℣. Let us pray for the faithful departed.
℟. Eternal rest grant unto them, O Lord, and let perpetual light shine upon them.
℣. Requiescant in pace.
℟. Amen.
℣. May they rest in peace.
℟. Amen.
℣. Pro fratribus nostris absentibus.
℟. Salvos fac servos tuos, Deus meus, sperantes in te.
℣. For our absent brethren.
℟. Save Thy servants who hope in Thee, O my God.
℣. Mitte eis, Domine, auxilium de sancto.
℟. Et de Sion tuere eos.
℣. Send them help, O Lord, from Thy holy place.
℟. And from Sion protect them.
℣. Domine, exaudi orationem meam.
℟. Et clamor meus ad te veniat.
℣. O Lord, hear my prayer.
℟. And let my cry come unto Thee.
℣. Dominus vobiscum.
℟. Et cum spiritu tuo.
℣. The Lord be with you.
℟. And with thy spirit.
Oremus.
Let us pray.
Deus, cui proprium est misereri semper et parcere: suscipe deprecationem nostram; ut nos, et omnes famulos tuos, quos delictorum catena constringit, miseratio tuæ pietatis clementer absolvat.
O God, Whose property is always to have mercy and to spare, receive our petition; that we and all Thy servants who are bound by the chain of sin may, by the compassion of Thy goodness mercifully be absolved.
Exaudi, quæsumus, Domine, supplicum preces, et confitentium tibi parce peccatis: ut pariter nobis indulgentiam tribuas benignus et pacem.
Graciously hear, we beseech Thee, O Lord, the prayers of Thy supplicants and pardon the sins of those who confess to Thee: that in Thy bounty Thou mayest grant us both pardon and peace.
Ineffabilem nobis, Domine, misericordiam tuam clementer ostende: ut simul nos et a peccatis omnibus exuas, et a pœnis quas pro his meremur, eripias. In Thy clemency, O Lord, show unto us Thine ineffabile mercy; that Thou mayest both free us from sins and deliver us from the punishments which we deserve for them.
Deus, qui culpa offenderis, pænitentia placaris: preces populi tui supplicantis propitius respice; et flagella tuæ iracundiæ, quæ pro peccatis nostris meremur, averte.
O God, who by sin art offended, and by penance appeased, mercifully regard the prayers of Thy people making supplication to Thee; and turn away the scourges of Thy wrath which we deserve for our sins.
Omnipotens sempiterne Deus, miserere famulo tuo Pontifici nostro N., et dirige eum secundum tuam clementiam in viam salutis æternæ: ut, te donante, tibi placita cupiat, et tota virtute perficiat.
Almighty and everlasting God, have mercy upon Thy servant, N, our Sovereign Pontiff: and direct him according to Thy clemency into the way of everlasting salvation: that, by Thy grace, he may desire those things which are pleasing to Thee, and accomplish them with all his strength.
Deus, a quo sancta desideria, recta consilia, et iusta sunt opera: da servis tuis illam, quam mundus dare non potest, pacem; ut et corda nostra mandatis tuis dedita, et, hostium sublata formidine, tempora sint tua protectione tranquilla.
O God, from Whom are holy desires, right counsels, and just works: grant to Thy servants the peace which the world cannot give; that our hearts may be devoted to the keeping of Thy commandments, and the fear of enemies being removed, the times, by Thy protection, may be peaceful.
Ure igne Sancti Spiritus renes nostros et cor nostrum, Domine: ut tibi casto corpore serviamus, et mundo corde placeamus.
Inflame, O Lord, our reins and hearts with the fire of the Holy Ghost: that we may serve Thee with a chaste body and please Thee with a clean heart.
Fidelium, Deus omnium Conditor et Redemptor, animabus famulorum famularumque tuarum remissionem cunctorum tribue peccatorum: ut indulgentiam, quam semper optaverunt, piis supplicationibus consequantur.
O God, the Creator and redeemer of all the faithful, give to the souls of Thy servants departed the remission of all their sins: that through pious supplications they may obtain the pardon they have always desired.
Actiones nostras, quæsumus, Domine, aspirando præveni et adiuvando prosequere: ut cuncta oratio et operatio a te semper incipiat et per te cœpta finiatur.
Direct, we beseech Thee, O Lord, our actions by Thy holy inspirations and carry them on by Thy gracious assistance: that every prayer and work of ours may begin always from Thee, and through Thee be happily ended.
Omnipotens sempiterne Deus, qui vivorum dominaris simul et mortuorum, omniumque misereris, quos tuos fide et opere futuros esse prænoscis: te supplices exoramus; ut pro quibus effundere preces decrevimus, quosque vel præsens sæculum adhuc in carne retinet vel futurum iam exutos corpore suscepit, intercedentibus omnibus Sanctis tuis, pietatis tuæ clementia, omnium delictorum suorum veniam consequantur. Per Dominum nostrum Iesum Christum.
Almighty and everlasting God, who hast dominion over the living and the dead, and art merciful to all, of whom Thou foreknowest that they will be Thine by faith and good works: we humbly beseech Thee; that they for whom we intend to pour forth our prayers, whether this present world still detain them in the flesh, or the world to come hath already received them out of their bodies, may, through the intercession of all Thy Saints, by the clemency of Thy goodness, obtain the remission of all their sins. Through Christ our Lord.
℣. Dominus vobiscum.
℟. Et cum spiritu tuo.
℣. The Lord be with you.
℟. And with Thy spirit.
℣. Exaudiat nos omnipotens et misericors Dominus.
℟. Amen.
℣. May the almighty and most merciful Lord graciously hear us.
℟. Amen.
℣. Et fidelium animæ per misericordiam Dei requiescant in pace.
℟. Amen.
℣. And may the souls of the faithful departed, through the mercy of God, rest in peace.
℟. Amen.
Mass of the Rogation Days
The Introit, which is taken from the Psalms, tells us of the mercy of God, and how he graciously hears our prayer the moment we make it.
Introit
Exaudivit de templo sancto suo vocem meam, alleluia: et clamor meus in conspectu ejus introivit in aures ejus. Alleluia, alleluia.
He hath graciously heard my voice from his holy temple, alleluia: and my cry before him came into his ears. Alleluia, alleluia.
Ps. Diligam te, Domine, virtus mea: Dominus firmamentum meum et refugium meum, et liberator meus. ℣. Gloria Patri. Exaudivit.
Ps. I will love thee, O Lord, my strength! The Lord is my rock, my refuge, and my deliverer. ℣. Glory, &c. He hath, &c.
In the Collect, the Church represents the necessities of her children to Almighty God. As a motive for his granting them his protection, she speaks of the confidence wherewith they ask it.
Collect
Præsta, quæsumus, omnipotens Deus, ut, qui in afflictione nostra de tua pietate confidimus, contra adversa omnia, tua semper protectione muniamur. Per Dominum.
Grant, we beseech thee, O Almighty God, that we, who in our afflictions rely on thy goodness, may, under thy protection, be defended against all adversities. Through, &c.
Then are added the other Collects, as in the Mass of the Fifth Sunday after Easter.
Epistle
Lesson of the Epistle of Saint James the Apostle. Ch. V.
Dearly beloved: Confess therefore your sins one to another: and pray one for another, that you may be saved. For the continual prayer of a just man availeth much. Elias was a man passible like unto us: and with prayer he prayed that it might not rain upon the earth, and it rained not for three years and six months. And he prayed again: and the heaven gave rain, and the earth brought forth her fruit. My brethren, if any of you err from the truth, and one convert him: He must know that he who causeth a sinner to be converted from the error of his way, shall save his soul from death, and shall cover a multitude of sins.
Quote:Again it is the Apostle St. James the Less, who speaks to us in today’s Epistle; and could any words be more appropriate? One of the motives for the institution of the Rogation Days is the obtaining from God the blessing of weather favourable to the fruits of the earth; and St. James here adduces the example of Elias, to show us that prayer can stay or bring down the rain of heaven. Let us imitate the faith of this Prophet, and beg of our heavenly Father to give and preserve what we require for our nourishment. Another object of the Rogations is the obtaining the forgiveness of sin. If we pray with fervour for our brethren who are gone astray, we shall obtain for them the graces they stand in need of. We shall perhaps never know, during this life, them whom our prayer, united with the prayer of the Church, shall have converted from the horror of their way; but the Apostle assures us, that our charity will receive a rich reward,—the mercy of God upon ourselves.
In order the better to express mourning and compunction in the Mass of the Rogation Days, the Church not only uses purple Vestments, she also retrenches somewhat of the joy of her Canticles. She allows herself but one Alleluia-Versicle; but it is full of hope in the goodness of her Lord.
Alleluia.
Alleluia.
℣. Confitemini Domino, quoniam bonus: quoniam in sæculum misericordia ejus.
℣. Praise the Lord, for he is good: and his mercy endureth forever.
Gospel
Sequel of the holy Gospel according to Luke. Ch. XI.
At that time: Jesus said to his disciples: Which of you shall have a friend, and shall go to him at midnight, and shall say to him: Friend, lend me three loaves, Because a friend of mine is come off his journey to me, and I have not what to set before him. And he from within should answer, and say: Trouble me not, the door is now shut, and my children are with me in bed; I cannot rise and give thee. Yet if he shall continue knocking, I say to you, although he will not rise and give him, because he is his friend; yet, because of his importunity, he will rise, and give him as many as he needeth. And I say to you, Ask, and it shall be given you: seek, and you shall find: knock, and it shall be opened to you. For every one that asketh, receiveth; and he that seeketh, findeth; and to him that knocketh, it shall be opened. And which of you, if he ask his father bread, will he give him a stone? or a fish, will he for a fish give him a serpent? Or if he shall ask an egg, will he reach him a scorpion? If you then, being evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your Father from heaven give the good Spirit to them that ask him?
Quote:Could anything show us the all-powerfulness of Prayer more clearly than do these words of our Gospel? By thus putting them before us, holy Church shows us the importance of the Rogation Days, since it is during them that she shows us the efficacy of supplication, which triumps over the refusal of God himself. The reader, who has followed us thus far in our Work, must have observed how the passages of Holy Writ, selected by the Liturgy, form a continued series of instruction appropriate to each day. During these three days, we are labouring to appease the anger of heaven; could there be a more fitting occasion for our being told that God cannot resist persevering prayer? The Litanies we have been chanting in Process are a model of this holy obstinancy, or, as our Gospel terms it, this importunity, of Prayer. How often did we not repeat the same words! Lord, have mercy on us!—Deliver us, O Lord!—We beseech thee, hear us! The divine Paschal Lamb, who is about to be offered on our Altar, will mediate for us; a few moments hence, and he will unite and join his ever efficacious intercession with our poor prayers. With such a pledge as this, we shall leave the holy place, feeling sure that these prayers have not been made in vain. Let us, therefore, make a resolution to keep aloof no longer from the holy practices of the Church; let us always prefer to pray with her, than to pray by ourselves; she is the Spouse of Jesus, she is our common Mother,—and she always wishes us to take part with her in the prayers she offers up. Besides, is it not for us that she makes these prayers?
The Offertory is taken from the Psalms. It gives praises to God, who, notwithstanding our being poor sinners, permits himself to be overcome by our prayers, rises in our defense, and gives us all we stand in need of.
Offertory
Confitebor Domino nimis in ore meo: et in medio multorum laudabo eum, qui adstitit a dextris pauperis: ut salvam faceret a persequentibus animam meam, alleluia.
I will give great thanks to the Lord with my mouth; and in the midst of many I will praise him, because he hath stood at the right hand of the poor, to save my soul from persecutors, alleluia.
The bonds of sin enchained us, and, of ourselves, we could not have returned to our Creator; but the Paschal Lamb has restored us our liberty; and as often as his Sacrifice is renewed upon the Altar, our deliverance is achieved afresh. The Church expresses this in the Secret: her confidence rests on the divine Victim, which the Father has given us, and which she is now about to offer to him.
Secret
Hæc munera, quæsumus, Domine, et vincula nostræ pravitatis absolvant, et tuæ nobis misericordiæ dona concilient. Per Dominum.
May these offerings, O Lord, loosen the bonds of our wickedness, and obtain for us the gift of thy mercy. Through, &c.
Then are added the other Secrets, as given in the Mass of the Fifth Sunday after Easter.
The Communion-Anthem is the repetition of the consoling words of our Savior, as given us in the Gospel. It is he himself who authorizes us to ask for all whatsoever we please; we cannot ask too much. None of us would have dared to say: “Whosoever makes a petition to God, will have his petition granted:”—but now that the Son of God has come from heaven to teach us this astounding truth, we should never tire of repeating it.
Communion
Petite, et accipietis: quærite, et invenietis; pulsate, et aperietur vobis: omnis enim qui petit accipit: et qui quærit invenit: et pulsanti aperietur, alleluia.
Ask, and it shall be given to you: seek, and you shall find: knock, and it shall be opened to you. For every one that asketh, receiveth; and he that seeketh, findeth; and to him that knocketh, it shall be opened, alleluia.
The Sacrifice of peace is consummated, and the Church gives free scope to her confidence by the words of thanksgiving expressed in the Postcommunion. The sacred gifts have brought us consolation; and our holy Mother prays that consolation may prompt us to warmer love.
Postcommunion
Vota nostra, quæsumus Domine, pio favore prosequere: ut, dum dona tua in tribulatione percipimus, de consolatione nostra in tuo amore crescamus. Per Dominum.
We beseech thee, O Lord, mercifully receive our prayers; that while we partake of thy gifts in our affliction, the consolation we find may increase our love. Through, &c.
To this are added the other Postcommunions, as given in the Mass of the Fifth Sunday after Easter.
We subjoin a liturgical fragment, taken from the Rogation Mass in the ancient Gallican rite.
This Prayer was one of the supplications made on the first of these three days, and it bears with it the marks of its venerable antiquity.
Prayer
(Post Nomina.)
Tua sunt, Domine, alimonia, quibus in quotidiano victu ad sustentationem reficimur: tuaque jejunia, quibus carnem a lubrica voluptate, te præcipiente, restringimus. Tu ad consolationem nostram vicissitudines temporum disposuisti: ut tempus edendi corpora nostra refectio sobria aleret; et jejunandi tempus ea in justitiam tibi placitam faceret macerata. Hanc hostiam ob jejunia triduanæ macerationis a nobis oblatam sanctificans dignanter adsume, et præsta placatus: ut sopita delectatione corpores, mens ab iniquitatibus pariter conquiescat. Per Christum Dominum nostrum. Amen.
It is from thee, O Lord, we receive the food, wherewith we are daily supported; to thee also do we offer these fasts, whereby, according to thy command, we put upon our flesh the restraint from dangerous indulgence. Thou hast so ordered the changes of seasons, as to afford us consolation: thus the time for eating gives nourishment to the body, by sober repasts; and the time for fasting inflicts on them a chastisement pleasing to thy justice. Vouchsafe to bless and receive this our offering of a three days’ penitential fast; and mercifully grant, that while our bodies abstain from gratification, our souls also may rest from sin. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.
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